“巧于因借”与园林景观审美

"Skillful Borrowing"and Landscape Aesthetics

作为艺术美与本真自然之美浑然一体的典范,中国园林营造推崇“巧于因借”,即顺其自然,因任自然,因地适宜;强调“借景”,讲求顺应地势、地形、地貌,然其所然,自然而然,不增加过多人为因素,只是顺其自然天性而有所作为;追求“虽由人作,宛若天工”的审美效应,建造中通过堆山叠石、理水和建筑等“人作”要素的处理,营造一个天工造化的自然环境,乃本真自然之美与艺术审美交融的“天人合一”生态模式,体现的是人与自然和谐共生的生态审美智慧。中国园林美学体现了独特的东方生态审美观,从园林美学的视野对之进行重新观照与阐发,能够重新发掘中国园林美学“以天合天”美学内涵的新意,并为建构具有民族性、本土性、地方性特色园林美学提供理论来源与现实基础。

As a model of integrating artistic beauty with natural beauty,Chinese landscape architecture advocates"skillful in borrowing",that is,to follow the nature,to allow the nature,and to be suitable for the place.And it emphasizes"borrowing scenery",which stresses to conform to the terrain,naturally,naturally,without increasing too many human factors,but only to follow the nature,and to pursue"although it is made by people,it is natural",It is just like the aesthetic effect of"natural work".In the process of construction,it creates a natural environment of"natural work"through the treatment of"man-made"elements such as piling mountains and stones,water management and architecture.It is an ecological mode of"harmony between man and nature"that blends the natural beauty with artistic aesthetics,and reflects the ecological aesthetic wisdom of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Chinese garden aesthetics embodies the unique oriental ecological aesthetics,which can be re explored from the perspective of garden aesthetics,and provide theoretical source and practical basis for the construction of garden aesthetics with national,local and local characteristics.