论侦查讯问录音录像制度的偏离与矫正——以讯问录音录像应否限制性使用为切入点

On the Deviation and Correction of the Audio-video Recording System of Investigative Interrogation:Whether the Use of Audio-Video Recording Should be Restricted

侦查讯问录音录像制度从2012年首次入《刑事诉讼法》至2021年《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法〉的解释》出台已发展近十年,其中关于讯问录音录像的调取与使用范围受到各界长期关注。本文以辩护律师阅卷权受限为切入点,层层剥离,从讯问录音录像证据属性到制度功能定位,以期能更深入地挖掘问题本质。矫正制度的前提是准确定位讯问录音录像制度功能,最大化讯问录音录像效用,在理想与实践中把握平衡。同时,应客观认识讯问录音录像本质,遵循诉讼规律,明确讯问录音录像证据属性;放宽威逼利诱的讯问非法性门槛,降低侦查人员心理负担;要求随案移送讯问录音录像,在查阅基础上赋予辩护律师复制权。

The audio-video recording system of investigative interrogation in China has been developed for more than a decade from the first entry into the Criminal procedure Law in 2012 to the introduction of the interpretation of the Criminal procedure Law in 2021,in which the scope of access and use of audio-video recording has attracted long-term attention from all walks of life.This article takes the limited right of defense lawyers to read papers as a starting point,layer by layer stripping,from the evidence attribute of audio-video recording to the function and positioning of the system,to explore the essence of the problem more deeply.The premise of the correction system is to accurately locate the function of the interrogation recording and video recording system,maximize the effectiveness of audio-video recording,and grasp the balance between ideal and practice.At the same time,we should objectively understand the nature of audio-video recording,follow the law of litigation,clarify the evidence nature of audio-video recording,relax the illegal threshold of interrogation by coercion and inducement,reduce the psychological burden of investigators,and require audio-video recording to be transferred with the case based on inspection,the defense lawyer should be given the right of reproduction.