国产新优猕猴桃品种瑞玉、璞玉果实营养品质与香气特征分析

Analyses of nutritional qualities and aroma characteristics of new domestically bred high-quality kiwifruit cultivars Ruiyu and Puyu

该文以国产新优品种瑞玉和璞玉为研究对象,并选择目前市场上最常见的海沃德和阳光金果作为对照,对其营养品质和香气特征进行分析。结果表明,不同猕猴桃品种的营养品质和香气特征差异性显著。就营养品质而言,瑞玉和璞玉均具有较高的固酸比以及较高的V C、总酚、总黄酮、游离氨基酸含量,在这几个方面均表现出了显著优势。就香气特征而言,醛类物质在所有猕猴桃品种中均表现出了最高的占比。瑞玉和璞玉的挥发性物质种类更丰富,香气更为复杂,且酯类物质在总挥发性成分中的占比显著高于海沃德和阳光金果,因此,其果香味与甜味更为突出。阳光金果的香气则更加浓郁且具有突出的青草香味。整体而言,瑞玉和璞玉具有优良的营养品质和香气特征,适合进一步商业化种植和推广。

To enhance the consumer's recognition of the domestic new and excellent kiwifruit cultivars and provide the quality data of the domestic new kiwifruit cultivars,the new domestically bred high-quality kiwifruit cultivars Ruiyu and Puyu were used as raw material in this study.Their nutritional quality and aroma characteristics were analyzed.Other cultivars such as Hayward and Sungold,which are the most common kiwifruit cultivars in the fruit market were selected as controls.The results showed that the nutritional qualities and aroma characteristics of different kiwifruit cultivars were significantly different.In terms of nutritional quality,both Ruiyu and Puyu have higher solid-acid ratios and contents of V C,total phenols,total flavonoids,and free amino acids.They have shown significant advantages in many aspects.In terms of aroma characteristics,aldehydes had the highest proportion in all kiwifruit cultivars.Ruiyu and Puyu had richer types of volatile components and more complex aromas.The proportion of esters in the total volatile components was significantly higher than that of Hayward and Sungold,so their fruity and sweetness were outstanding.The aroma of Sungold was richer and had a prominent fragrance of grass.On the whole,cultivars of Ruiyu and Puyu kiwifruit have excellent nutritional qualities and aroma characteristics,which are suitable for further commercial planting and broad application.