未成年人检察公益诉讼制度的探索与完善路径——以《未成年人保护法》修订为契机

Exploration and Improvement of Public Interest Litigation System for Minors:Taking the Amendment of The Law on the Protection of Minors as an Opportunity

新修订的《未成年人保护法》正式赋予检察机关提起未成年人公益诉讼的权利,为检察公益诉讼工作扫清了制度障碍。检察机关应当丰富“履行职权”的内涵,在履职过程中契合新法中如网络保护、政府保护等新规定,在固定常态化经验的基础上,结合未成年人保护的人身特殊性,构建新的运行模式,明确主题责任;借鉴以往经验,形成自身特色;优化诉前前置程序,将诉前程序作为解决问题的首要手段;与党委、政府和社会组织形成合力并且不断完善后续保障措施,共同构建未成年人检察公益诉讼的专门运行机制,形成对未成年人广泛且全面的保护。

The newly revised law of the people’s Republic of China on the protection of minors officially gives the procuratorial organs the right to file public interest litigation against minors,which clears the institutional obstacles for the procuratorial work of public interest litigation.Procuratorial organs should enrich the connotation of“performing their functions and powers”,conform to the new provisions of the new law such as network protection and government protection in the process of performing their duties,and build a new operation mode on the basis of fixed and normalized experience and combined with the personal particularity of the protection of minors.At the same time,procuratorial organs should clarify the main responsibility,not only learn from the past experience,but also form their own characteristics;Optimize the pre litigation procedure,and take the pre litigation procedure as the primary means to solve the problem;We should work together with the Party committee,government and social organizations to continuously improve the follow-up safeguard measures,build a special operation mechanism of juvenile procuratorial public interest litigation,and form a wide and comprehensive protection for minors.