基于语料库的汉英“厚/薄”语义拓展对比分析

A Corpus-based Comparative Analysis of“Thick/Thin”:Semantic Extension in Chinese and English

文章从认知语言学视角出发,基于语料库对汉英“厚/薄”语义拓展路径进行对比分析。研究表明:源于空间维度的汉英“厚/薄”可以通过隐喻和转喻机制拓展语义。在概念隐喻机制作用下,源域被投射到四个相同的目标域,分别是“数量/密度”“感官”“程度”和“情感/关系”,说明汉英“厚/薄”语义拓展路径具有普遍性。同时,二者还具有一定的差异性,原因主要在于文化模型的差异。文章在一定程度上证明了空间维度词语义拓展路径普遍性与差异性理论框架的合理性。

From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,this paper comparatively analyzed the semantic extension ways of“thick/thin”in Chinese and English based on corpus.It shows that“thick/thin”in Chinese and English derived from spatial dimensions can extend meanings through metaphor and metonymy mechanisms.The source domain is projected to four identical target domains through conceptual metaphor mechanism,namely“quantity/density”“sense”“degree”and“emotion/relationship”,which shows that the way to semantic extension of“thick/thin”in Chinese and English is universal.In addition,these two also have certain differences,mainly due to the differences in cultural models.To a certain extent,this paper proves the rationality of the theoretical framework of universality and differences of semantic extension ways of spatial dimension words.