水环境数值模型耦合技术及其研究进展

Review on water environment numerical models coupling technology

水环境数值模型耦合技术是拓展单个模型功能,开展复杂条件下水环境评估、预测、预警,支撑环境管理决策的重要工具。国内外学者开展了大量的耦合模型工作,但对耦合模型的理论体系尚缺乏系统的阐述。通过解析水环境耦合的概念,归纳了水环境模型的耦合方式。按照耦合度将水环境模型耦合分为紧密耦合和松散耦合,按照耦合形式将水环境模型耦合分为基于机理过程的耦合和基于空间关系的耦合。对不同水环境模型耦合方式的技术特征、研究进展进行了描述和对比,探讨了当前水环境模型耦合存在的不足和发展趋势。分析表明松散耦合是当前水环境模型耦合的主要方式,实现水环境模型耦合的标准化和规范化将是水环境数值模型耦合的发展趋势。

Water environment numerical model coupling technology is an important method for complicated environmental assessment,prediction,early warning and support of environmental management decisions.A lot of researches on coupling models have been done at home and abroad.However,the theoretical frame of coupling model is still lack of systematic elaboration.The concept and category of coupling mode of water environment model is analyzed.With concluding the types of water environment model coupling,it is found that the tight coupling and loose coupling are the two main coupling modes from the perspective of coupling degree.From the view of coupled mode,the coupling based on mechanism processes and spatial correlation are two major coupling types.Comparing the technical characteristics of different coupling types,it is found that the loose coupling is the main way of coupling water environment models.It is considered that the gradually standardization is the main development trend of water environment model coupling in the future.