特厚煤层综放开采倾向大比例试验平台研制与应用

Development and application of large-scale inclination physical simulation platform for fully mechanized caving mining in extra-thick coal seams

综放开采是我国特厚煤层高产工作面最主要的采煤方法,其中放煤方式是影响顶煤回收率的重要因素。为了提高特厚煤层综放开采顶煤回收率,基于综放开采顶煤放出散体介质流运移规律和特征,针对现有放顶煤试验平台工作面方向放煤试验较少、相似比例小、支架个数少、放煤口大小无法控制等问题,研制特厚煤层综放开采倾向大比例试验平台,相似比1∶10,含有19个放煤口模拟装置,可实现工作面方向不同放煤方式、不同放煤口大小、不同煤层倾角、不同顶煤厚度、不同煤矸粒径等条件下的放煤试验。采用该平台能够对不同放煤方式下放煤漏斗形态发育特征和各放煤口放出量特征进行研究,可通过多次试验,探寻合理的放煤方式,从而提高矿井资源采出率以及生产效率。以此平台对塔山矿8222工作面“分段四级一次”放煤方式成功进行了物理模拟试验。

Fully mechanized caving mining is one of the most important coal mining methods in high-yield working faces in China’s extra-thick coal seams,and the top-coal drawing method is an important factor affecting the recovery rate of top coal,the existing top-coal drawing test platform has fewer in the simulations of top-coal drawing in the direction of the working face,smaller similarities,fewer supports and the size of the drawing opening and other issues.Based on the regularity and migration characteristics of the loose medium flow in the fully mechanized top-coal drawing,a large-scale inclination physical simulation platform for top-coal drawing in extra-thick coal seams was developed to impove the recovery rate of top coal.The similarity ratio was 1∶10.The platform had 19 top-coal drawing openings,and could realize top-coal drawing tests under such different conditions as top coal caving methods,top coal drawing opening size,coal seam inclination angles,top coal thickness,coal gangue particle size,etc.The test platform could meet the study of morphological development characteristics of the top-coal drawing funnel and the coal discharge at different top-coal drawing opening.A reasonable top-coal drawing method could be explored through several experiments,this had certain guiding significance for the mine to improve resource utilization and efficient production.Based on this platform,the physical simulation of the“segmented four-stage disposable”top-coal drawing method at the 8222 working face of Tashan Mine was performed.