血液检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的价值评价

Evaluation on the value of blood test in differential diagnosis of anemia

目的评价血液检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取50例地中海贫血患者作为A组,另选同期50例缺铁性贫血患者作为B组,同期来本院体检的健康者50例作为对照组。三组受检人员均需接受血液检验。比较三组血液检验结果[血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)、RBC/MCV比值]。结果对照组的Hb(125.96±12.56)g/L、RBC/MCV比值(13.71±2.74)、MCH(33.87±4.61)pg、MCV(93.53±8.36)fl均高于A组的(99.87±11.42)g/L、(7.62±1.48)、(25.21±3.96)pg、(69.95±5.79)fl和B组的(84.76±11.74)g/L、(3.45±1.64)、(19.98±3.37)pg、(76.41±6.32)fl,RDW(13.74±2.68)%低于A组的(15.59±2.01)%和B组的(22.92±3.54)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组的RBC(6.08±0.42)×10^(12)/L高于对照组的(3.45±0.43)×10^(12)/L和B组的(4.32±0.27)×10^(12)/L,且对照组RBC高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组的Hb、MCH、RBC/MCV比值均低于A组,MCV、RDW均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在贫血鉴别诊断中应用血液检验,不仅能够明确患者的贫血类型,而且可以为进一步诊疗提供科学、客观的参考数据,值得在临床工作中积极应用或推广。

Objective To evaluate the practical value of blood test in differential diagnosis of anemia.Methods There were 50 thalassemia patients selected as group A,50 iron-deficiency anemia patients admitted at the same time as group B,and 50 healthy patients for physical examination during the same period as the control group.All three groups were required to undergo blood tests.The blood test results[hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),red blood cell distribution width(RDW),RBC/MCV]of the three groups were compared.Results The Hb(125.96±12.56)g/L,RBC/MCV(13.71±2.74),MCH(33.87±4.61)pg and MCV(93.53±8.36)fl of the control group were higher than group A[(99.87±11.42)g/L,(7.62±1.48),(25.21±3.96)pg,(69.95±5.79)fl]and group B[(84.76±11.74)g/L,(3.45±1.64),(19.98±3.37)pg,(76.41±6.32)fl],RDW(13.74±2.68)%was lower than(15.59±2.01)%of group A and(22.92±3.54)%of group B;all the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The RBC(6.08±0.42)×10^(12)/L of group A was higher than(3.45±0.43)×10^(12)/L of the control group,and(4.32±0.27)×10^(12)/L of group B,and the control group was higher than group B;all the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The Hb,MCH and RBC/MCV of group B were lower than those of group A,and the MCV and RDW were higher than those of group A;all the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of blood test in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anemia can not only clarify the type of anemia,but also provide scientific and objective reference data for further diagnosis and treatment,which is worthy of active application or promotion in clinical work.