互联网时代下乳腺癌术后患者自我身体形象认识及性体验的质性研究

Qualitative research on self-body image and sexual experience of breast cancer patients after surgery in the Internet era

目的探讨互联网时代下乳腺癌术后患者自我身体形象的认识和性生活的体验,为临床护理人员实施针对性的干预提供参考。方法本研究采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法。采用目的抽样法,选取2020年3—8月在山东省潍坊市某三级甲等医院乳腺外科住院的乳腺癌术后患者15例为研究对象。对其进行面对面半结构式深入访谈,并应用Colaizzi 7步法进行资料分析。结果共得出4个主题,分别为自我形象紊乱,性生活质量低下,心理健康受损;健康素养低下,缺乏疾病相关认识;有效应对策略不同;渴望全方位支持。结论临床护理人员应密切关注乳腺癌术后患者的身体形象认识及性体验,并采取针对性的干预措施使患者能够正确对待自己的身体,帮助患者树立正确的性态度,促进其身心健康;同时,以互联网为载体,以人工智能为实现工具,发挥人工智能在乳腺疾病预防、诊断、治疗与康复中的作用,为患者提供优质、便捷、高效的服务。

Objective To explore awareness of self-body image and sexual experience of patients after breast cancer surgery in the Internet era,so as to provide reference for clinical nursing staff to implement targeted intervention.Methods This research adopted phenomenological research methods in qualitative research.A total of 15 patients with breast cancer after surgery who were admitted to Department of Breast Surgery in a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Weifang of Shandong Province from March to August 2020 were selected as the research objects by the purposive sampling method.Face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with them,and Colaizzi's 7-step method was applied for data analysis.Results A total of 4 themes were extracted,namely,self-image disorder,poor quality of sexual life and impaired mental health;poor health literacy and lack of disease-related knowledge;different effective coping strategies and desire for all-round support.Conclusions Clinical nursing staff should pay close attention to the body image awareness and sexual experience of patients after breast cancer surgery and take targeted intervention measures to enable patients to treat their bodies correctly,help them to establish a correct sexual attitude and promote their physical and mental health.At the same time,with the Internet as the carrier and artificial intelligence as the realization tool,it will play the role of artificial intelligence in the prevention,diagnosis,treatment and rehabilitation of breast diseases,and provide patients with high-quality,convenient and efficient services.