恶性气道狭窄支气管镜下消融治疗的新进展

New advances in bronchoscopic ablation of malignant airway stenosis

恶性气道狭窄一般指气道壁因各种原发及转移性恶性肿瘤引起的气道管腔狭窄,气流受限,患者可出现不同程度的呼吸困难,甚至窒息死亡,严重影响了气道狭窄患者的生活质量。随着支气管镜介入技术的不断发展,临床医师可通过支气管镜行消融、扩张、支架植入等多种介入治疗手段再通气道。其中,消融治疗是最常使用的手段,而消融治疗的方法包括冷、热、光动力、局部放化疗等。该文就近年来用于恶性气道狭窄消融治疗的各种手段的应用新进展进行综述。

Malignant airway stenosis generally refers to airway lumen stenosis caused by various primary and metastatic malignant tumors and restricted airflow,which can be manifested as dyspnea to varying degrees or even asphyxia and death.It seriously affects the quality of life of patients with airway stenosis.With the continuous development of bronchoscope interventional techniques,various interventional therapies such as ablation,dilation and stent implantation can be used to reventilate the airway.Among them,ablation treatment is the most commonly used method.The methods of ablation treatment include cold,heat,photodynamic,local chemoradiotherapy,etc.This article will review the new applications of various methods used in the ablation treatment of malignant airway stenosis progress.