卫国战争中的爱国主义宣传--以《塔斯之窗》为例

Patriotic Propaganda in the Great Patriotic War:A Case Study of “Windows of TASS”

卫国战争期间,苏联政府一直保持着强大的政治宣传攻势,通过多种方式进行反法西斯爱国主义宣传,鼓舞士气。其中,政治宣传画作为一种简洁直观、直击人心的宣传方式,在战争中取得了良好的宣传效果。本文通过对解密的苏联历史档案资料、苏联重要报刊以及大量《塔斯之窗》文本的梳理和解读,力求客观再现《塔斯之窗》的宣传路径和宣传成效,借以一窥以《塔斯之窗》为代表的苏联政治宣传画在战时爱国主义宣传中的重要作用。以《塔斯之窗》及其所代表的苏维埃爱国主义在当今俄罗斯社会依然具有现实意义:弘扬爱国主义精神,捍卫二战历史真相。

During the Great Patriotic War,the Soviet government maintained a strong political propaganda campaign and carried out anti-fascist patriotic propaganda in various ways to boost morale.Among them,political posters,as a simple,intuitive and direct propaganda way,have achieved good publicity results in the war.Through the study of declassified Soviet historical archives,important Soviet newspapers and a large number of“Window of Tass”texts,this paper tries to objectively reveal the propaganda path and effectiveness of “Window of Tass”,so as to understand the important role of Soviet political posters represented by“Window of Tass”in wartime patriotism propaganda.The“Window of Tass”and the Soviet patriotism it represents still have practical significance in Russia today:to carry forward the patriotic spirit and defend the historical truth of World War Ⅱ.