新冠疫情对妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿发生率的影响

Effect of COVID-19 on the Incidence of Macrosomia in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:了解新冠疫情对妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿发生率的影响。方法:收集2018年~2020年每年2月、3月份妊娠期糖尿病单胎分娩产妇及妊娠期糖尿病合并巨大儿产妇病例数量。2018年2月、2019年2月、2020年2月妊娠期糖尿病单胎分娩产妇分别为175、181、184例,其中分娩巨大儿的分别为19、14、31例。2018年3月、2019年3月、2020年3月妊娠期糖尿病单胎分娩产妇分别为252、285、272例,其中分娩巨大儿的分别为16、19、24例。比较妊娠期糖尿病合并巨大儿发生率,并分析产妇年龄、身高、孕前体重量、孕24~28周时75g OGTT结果、既往孕产情况、分娩前体重量、分娩前血糖情况、新生儿出生情况等。结果:2020年2月及3月妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿发生率较2019年、2018年同月份升高。2020年2月份的妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿的产妇分娩前空腹血糖和分娩前餐后血糖均高于2019年2月份,而年龄、身高、孕24~28周时75g OGTT结果、既往孕产情况、分娩前体重量等在二者间均无差异。结论:新冠疫情流行期间,妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿发生率升高可能与孕妇产前保健、有效安全管理受影响有关。

Objective To understand the effect of COVID-19 epidemic on the incidence of macrosomia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods To collect the number of cases of singleton childbirth women with GDM and delivery of macrosomia of them in February and March of each year from 2018 to 2020.In February of 2018,2019 and 2020,there were 175,181 and 184 singleton childbirth women with GDM,Of which,19,14,31 were macrosomia delivery.In March of 2018,2019 and 2020,there were 252,285 and 272 singleton childbirth women with GDM.Among them,there were 16,19 and 24 macrosomia delivery.The incidence of GDM complicated with macrosomia was compared,and the maternal age,height,weight before pregnancy,results of OGTT with 75g of glucose at 24~28 weeks of pregnancy,previously given birth,weight before delivery,fast blood glucose before delivery,birth of newborn,etc were analyzed.Results The incidence of macrosomia in GDM in February and March 2020 was higher than that in 2019 and 2018.Fast plasma glucose and postprandial glucose of GDM with fetal macrosomia before delivery in February 2020 were higher than that in February 2019,but there was no difference in age,height,outcome of 75g OGTT in 24-28 weeks of gestation,past pregnancy and the weight before delivery.Conclusion There was an increase in incidence of GDM with macrosomia in the epidemic period of COVID-19 compared to that in previous years,which might be associated with prenatal care and effective safety management.