农业生产性服务业发展与农业全要素生产率提升:地区差异性与空间效应

The Promotion Effect of Agricultural Producer Services on Agricultural Total Factor Productivity:Regional Differences and Spatial Effect

本文基于全局Malmquist指数测算全国31个省份2010—2017年的农业全要素生产率变动情况,在此基础上探究全国和各地区农业生产性服务业发展对农业全要素生产率及其分解要素的影响,最后构建空间杜宾模型判断农业生产性服务业发展对农业全要素生产率是否存在空间溢出效应。研究发现:整体上,农业生产性服务业发展对农业全要素生产率的提升表现出促进作用,主要通过促进技术进步来提高农业全要素生产率。分地区研究显示,农业生产性服务业的促进作用对西部地区最为明显,其次为东部、东北部与中部。就不同粮食产销区而言,其对粮食产销平衡区的促进作用最大,其次是主产区与主销区。空间分析表明,农业生产性服务业发展对农业全要素生产率具有正向的空间溢出效应,并且空间溢出效应方面的间接影响大于直接影响。因此,应将发展农业生产性服务业的重点放在西部地区、东北地区与粮食主产区,加强农业生产性服务的技术支持,积极推进农业生产性服务信息平台建设,提高区域间的沟通协作能力。

This paper calculates the changes of agricultural total factor productivity(TFP) of 31 regions in China from 2010 to 2017 using the Global Malmquist index, explores the impact of the agricultural producer services on agricultural TFP and its decomposition factors in the whole country and different regions, and constructs Spatial Durbin Model to judge whether there is the spatial effect of agricultural producer services on agricultural TFP. The results show that: on the whole, the agricultural producer services have a positive impact on the improvement of agricultural TFP, mainly through promoting technological progress. In different regions, the efficiency promotion effect of agricultural producer services is the most obvious in the western region, followed by the eastern, northeastern, and central regions. And the agricultural producer services have the greatest effect on promoting agricultural TFP in the grain production and marketing balance area, followed by the main grain-producing area and main selling area. Spatial analysis shows that the agricultural producer services have a positive spatial effect on TFP, and the spatial indirect impact is greater than the direct impact. Therefore, we should focus on the development of agricultural producer services in the western region, northeast region, and main grain-producing areas, strengthen the technical support of agricultural producer services, promote the construction of agricultural producer services information platforms, and improve the ability to communicate and cooperation between regions.