水下回路通信电信号传输特性仿真研究

Simulation study on transmission characteristics of electrical signals in underwater loop communication

利用缆道与水体组成回路进行信号传输是实现水下至水上跨介质通信的有效方法,但此通信方式通信质量差且易受环境因素影响。为提升通信质量,对电信号在钢缆与水体形成的回路中的传输特性与影响因素进行研究。根据水体特性提出通信信道等效电路,通过有限元仿真分析电信号传输路径及电场分布,并且仿真计算通信距离、极板入水深度、水体宽度、极板大小、水体电导率和介电常数等实际因素对等效电路参数的影响。结果表明,通信距离、极板大小和水体电导率是信号衰减的主要影响因素,且随着通信距离和极板大小增加,信号幅值比稳定为92.2%和95.8%,通过控制极板大小与信号频率可实现快速有效的水下至水上远距离通信,为水下回路通信系统设计与优化提供理论参考。

Using a loop formed by steel cableway and water body is effective to communicate across the media,under water to above water.But this communication method is easily affected by environment and has poor communication quality.To improve the communication quality,the transmission characteristics and influence factors of electrical signals in the loop are studied.The equivalent circuit of communication channel is proposed according to the water body characteristics.Electrical signal transmission path and electric field distribution are analyzed by finite element simulation.The influence of the actual factors such as the communication distance,the depth of the electrode plate into the water,the width of the water body,the size of the electrode plate,the conductivity and the dielectric constant on the equivalent circuit parameters are simulation calculated.The results show that the communication distance,the plate size and the conductivity are the main influence factors of signal attenuation.When the communication distance and the plate size increase,the signal amplitude ratio is stable at 92.2%and 95.8%.A communication under water to above water long-distance can be realized fast and effectively by controlling the plate size and the signal frequency,which provides a theoretical reference for the design and optimization of underwater loop communication systems.