基于全局响应面法的有限空间散热结构多目标优化

Multi-objective optimization of heat dissipation structure in limited space based on global response surface method

针对直流电能检定仪器内部空间有限导致无法增大散热器尺寸的难题,采用全局响应面法对基板和肋片厚度、肋片数目及风量进行多目标优化。首先,建立1 kW开关电源的有限元模型,以基板厚度H_(2)、肋片厚度H_(3)、肋片数目N、风扇风量V为变量因子,功率芯片和开关电源最高温度作为目标,设计正交试验;其次,基于试验结果,利用全局响应面法对变量因子进行多目标优化,结果表明,当H_(2)=3.0 mm、H_(3)=1.0 mm、N=10、V=24.00 CFM时,目标最高温度分别降至91.61℃和62.73℃。最后,利用最优参数开展实验,实验与优化结果十分吻合,误差仅为-2.53℃和3.70℃,优化参数可用,优化后最高温度降低了近30%,优化效果明显。

Aiming to solve the problem that the increase of the size of the radiator is limited by the internal space of the direct-current(DC) power verification instrument, the global response surface method(GRSM) is used to optimize multi-objectives of the thickness of the substrate and the fins, the number of fins and the airflow. Firstly, a finite element model(FEM) of 1 kW switching power supply is proposed and the orthogonal experiment is designed, with variable factors of substrate thickness H_(2), fin thickness H_(3), number of fins N, and fan airflow V, and the objective of the maximum temperature of the power chip and switching power supply. Secondly, based on the experimental results, the multi-objective optimization of the variable factors is conducted by using the GRSM. The results show that the maximal temperature can be decreased to 91.61 ℃ and 62.73 ℃, respectively, under the conditions of H_(2)=3.0 mm, H_(3)=1.0 mm, N=10 and V=24.00 CFM. Finally, the experiment is carried out with the optimized parameters, and the experimental results agree well with the optimization ones with marginal errors of-2.53 ℃ and 3.70 ℃, respectively. Our scheme presents a significant achievement since the maximum temperature is reduced by nearly 30%, and the obtained optimized parameters are useful.