一种基于环形振荡器的轻量级高效率的真随机数发生器

Lightweight efficient ring oscillator-based true random number generator

真随机数发生器(TRNG)作为芯片中重要的安全组件,在现代加密系统中扮演着越来越重要的角色。对于TRNG的设计,关键是需要熵提取器可以在恶劣的环境变化(如工艺波动、电压和温度(PVT))下稳定地生成熵值。基于Xilinx FPGA平台提出了一种基于环形振荡器的低成本,高效率真随机数发生器。TRNG一方面通过快速进位逻辑来提高熵提取的效率,另一方面通过优化电路结构和延迟,在以相对较低的资源开销情况下实现可观的吞吐量和随机性。TRNG分别在多块Xilinx Virtex6 FPGAs和Xilinx Spartan6 FPGAs上进行验证,实验数据测试结果表明,所提出的TRNG能够在广泛的PVT范围内表现出良好的鲁棒性,且生成的随机比特流不仅以相当高P值通过NIST SP800-22统计测试套件,而且可以通过最新的NIST SP800-90B测试。

As an important security component in the chip, true random number generator(TRNG) plays an increasingly important role in modern encryption systems. For the design of TRNG, the key is to require an entropy extractor to stably generate entropy under severe environmental changes(such as process fluctuations, voltage and temperature(PVT)). Based on the Xilinx FPGA platform, a low-cost, high-efficiency true random number generator based on ring oscillator was proposed in this paper. The proposed TRNG improves the efficiency of entropy extraction through fast carry logic on the one hand, and optimizes the circuit structure and delay on the other hand to achieve considerable throughput and randomness with relatively low resource overhead. The TRNG proposed was verified on multiple Xilinx Virtex6 FPGAs and Xilinx Spartan6 FPGAs. Experimental data test results show that the proposed TRNG can exhibit good robustness in a wide range of PVT and generate random bit streams. Random bits only passed the NIST SP800-22 statistical test suite with a fairly high P value, but also passed the latest NIST SP800-90 B test.