2009—2019年上海市崇明区蟑螂种群密度及抗药性分析

Density and insecticide resistance of cockroaches in Chongming District of Shanghai from 2009 to 2019

目的了解上海市崇明区蟑螂种群密度消长规律,以及主要优势种德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性变化趋势,为蟑螂防治提供理论依据。方法用粘捕法调查蟑螂密度,用药膜法进行抗药性测定。结果崇明区蟑螂种群主要为德国小蠊和黑胸大蠊,其中德国小蠊占捕获总数的85.15%,为优势种。2009—2019年年均密度基本呈现逐年下降趋势;2009—2019年优势种德国小蠊平均密度为0.04只/张,平均侵害率为2.41%,消长曲线呈现单峰型,高峰期在7月。2010年、2014年、2017年、2019年监测到德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为8.88、2.84、2.49、2.15倍;对溴氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为23.48、4.06、4.65、4.34倍;对残杀威的抗性倍数分别为0.70、1.27、1.77、1.68倍;2014年、2017年、2019年对乙酰甲胺磷的抗性倍数分别为0.81、1.67、1.76倍。结论崇明区蟑螂以德国小蠊为优势种,高峰期在7月;德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯有不同程度的抗性。

Objective To investigate the seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches density,grasp the resistance of Blattella germanica to commonly used insecticides in Chongming District of Shanghai,and provide scientific basis for cockroach control.Methods The sticky trap method was used to monitor the density of cockroaches and the residual film method was used to test insecticide resistance.Results Cockroaches found in Chongming District were mainly Blattella germanica and Periplaneta fuliginosa.Blattella germanica was the dominant species accounting for 85.15%.It showed a decreasing trend in the annual average density of cockroaches year by year from 2009 to 2019.The average density of dominant species(B.germanica)from 2009 to 2019 was 0.04 insects per sheet,with an average infestation rate of 2.41%.The growth and decline curve showed a single peak in July.In 2010,2014,2017 and 2019,the resistance ratios of B.germanica were respectively 8.88,2.84,2.49 and 2.15 to beta-cypermethrin,23.48,4.06,4.65 and 4.34 to deltamethrin,0.70,1.27,1.77 and 1.68 to propoxur.In 2014,2017 and 2019,the resistance ratios of B.germanica were 0.81,1.67 and 1.76 to acephate respectively.Conclusion B.germanica was the dominant species in Chongming District and its density peak appeared in July.B.germanica developed different degrees of resistance to beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin.