肥大细胞FcεRⅠ受体介导的信号通路分子机制及影响因素的研究进展

Advances in molecular mechanisms and affecting factors of FcεRI receptor-mediated signaling pathways in mast cell

I型变态反应的发生与免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、肥大细胞上的IgE高亲和力受体(FcεRI)以及变应原三者的交联有关。肥大细胞膜表面FcεRI受体介导的信号传导通路具有复杂交错的分子机制,是过敏反应的关键效应步骤,该信号传导通路也成为药物治疗及免疫治疗的重要作用靶点。体液中的白细胞介素IL-4、IL-33,肥大细胞胞膜上的其他因素如KIT、细胞骨架蛋白、脂质筏,以及胞内ERK1/2、NHERF1、mTOR等能通过影响FcεRI受体介导的信号传导通路来改变肥大细胞的激活及过敏效应。文章就肥大细胞FcεRI受体介导的信号传导通路分子机制及影响因素的相关研究进行综述。

The occurrence of type I hypersensitivity is associated with the cross-linking of immunoglobulin E(IgE),high-affinity receptors for IgE on mast cells(FcεRI)and allergen.The signaling pathway mediated by FcεRI on the surface of mast cell membrane has a complex and interleaved molecular mechanism,which is the key step of allergic reaction.This signaling pathway is also an important target for drug therapy and immunotherapy.Interleukin-4(IL-4)and Interleukin-33(IL-33)in extracellular fluid,some factors on the membrane of mast cells,such as KIT,cytoskeleton proteins and lipid rafts,intracellular ERK1/2,NHERF1 and mTOR could change mast cells'activity and allergic effects by affecting the FcεRI receptor-mediated signaling pathway.In this review,we summarize the recent studies on the molecular mechanisms and affecting factors of the FcεRI receptor-mediated signaling pathways in mast cell.