用于风能和海洋能收集的摩擦纳米发电机研究进展

Recent progress on triboelectric nanogenerator for wind and blue energy harvesting

风能和海洋能是自然界中分布最广泛的可再生清洁能源,其高效转换和利用有望解决目前人类社会面临的严峻能源挑战.但是,由于传统发电技术的各种限制,这2类能源的开发目前在全球仍处于初级阶段.摩擦纳米发电机是一种新兴的能源转换技术,具有成本低、选材广、结构灵活、轻质便携等优点.近年来,摩擦纳米发电机在低频且无规则的机械能转换方面表现出独特优势,从而在风能和海洋能发电领域展现出巨大的应用前景.该文介绍了摩擦纳米发电机的基本工作原理和理论模型,详述了其在风能和海洋能收集方面的代表性结构设计和能量转换机理,列举了最新研究进展,分析了仍然存在的问题,并展望了未来的发展方向.

Wind energy and blue energy are cosidered to be the most promising renewable energy resources with the advantages of wide distribution,and the research on the efficient conversion and application of the two kinds of energies has attracted strong research interest due to the sharp shortage of fossil energy.However,the exploration of the two kinds of energies is just in the primary state.The triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)with an emerging energy conversion technology exhibits great potential for wind and ocean energy harvesting due to the special features,such as low cost,easy fabrication,lightweight,and good scalability.Moreover,for the unique advantages of TENG in the low-frequency and irregular mechanical energy conversion,it has great application prospects in the field of wind and ocean energy power generation.In this review,the basic working mechanism and theoretical models of TENG were introduced,and the novel structures and the energy conversion process of typical wind/blue energy harvesters were summarized.Furthermore,the current challenges and perspectives were also discussed.