用改进的落体法测量重力加速度

Measurement of Gravity Acceleration by Improved Falling Body Method

提出了一种改进的测量重力加速度的自由落体方法,该方法只采用一组光电门,下落距离由精密加工在落体上的缺口控制并被光电门感知。通过理论计算表明:在理想状态下,(1)初速度越小,重力加速度g的测量结果的相对不确定度越小;(2)g的测量结果的相对不确定度随距离s2的增大而减小;(3)在s2固定条件下,s1取s2的五分之一至三分之一范围内时,g的相对不确定度较小。本方法的测量结果与当地标准值的相对偏差小于0.2%,测量精度比较高。

An improved free-falling method for measuring gravity acceleration is proposed,in which,only one group of photoelectric gates are used,and the falling distance is controlled by the gap on the falling body and perceived by the photoelectric gate.Under the ideal condition,the theoretical calculation shows that:(1)the initial velocity is smaller,the relative uncertainty of the measurement result of gravity acceleration g is smaller;(2)the relative uncertainty of the measurement result of g decreases with the increase of distance s;(3)under the fixed condition of s,when s is in the range of 1/5 to 1/3 of s,the relative uncertainty of g is smaller.The relative deviation between the measurement result of this method and the local standard value is less than 0.2%,and the measurement accuracy is relatively high.