SiC辐射伏特式同位素电池的设计及制备研究

Design and Preparation of SiC Radiation Voltaic Isotope Battery

辐射伏特式同位素电池使用寿命长、易于小型化,是微能源领域的优良选择。使用宽禁带半导体材料作为电池换能元件理论具有更高的能量转换效率,然而实验制备的样品能量转换效率仍偏低,仅在1%水平。本文综合分析了能量转换效率影响因素,指出制备工艺的重要性。通过理论计算与数值模拟方法,对比分析了4种代表性半导体材料PIN构型下同位素电池理论输出性能,结果显示PIN结构SiC电池理论效率最高,可达17%。结合制备工艺水平,针对PIN型SiC电池进行了优化设计,并进行了样品制备。在3.7×10^(8) Bq 63Ni源辐照条件下,电池样品获得短路电流8~10 nA、开路电压0.45~0.82 V、效率0.26%~0.60%。实验测试结果与理论设计值相比仍有一定差距,通过分析明确了表面工艺是未来提高电池性能的重点。

Radiation voltaic isotope batteries have long service life and are easy to miniaturize,making them an excellent choice in the field of micro energy.The use of wide-band gap semiconductor materials as battery transducer elements theoretically has higher energy conversion efficiency,but the energy conversion efficiency of the samples prepared in the experiment is still low,only at the level of 1%.This article comprehensively analyzes the factors affecting efficiency and points out the importance of the preparation process.Through theoretical calculations and numerical simulation methods,the theoretical output performance of the isotope battery under four representative semiconductor materials was compared and analyzed.The results show that the theoretical efficiency of the PIN structure SiC battery is the highest,reaching 17%.Combined with the level of preparation technology,optimized design for PIN-type SiC battery and sample preparation were carried out.Under 3.7×10^(8) Bq 63 Ni source irradiation conditions,the battery samples obtain short-circuit current 8-10 nA,open-circuit voltage 0.45-0.82 V and efficiency 0.26%-0.60%.Compared with the theoretical design value,the experimental test results still have a certain gap.Through analysis,it is clear that the surface technology is the focus of improving battery performance in the future.