传染病防控中《国际卫生条例(2005)》的角色偏差与矫正

The role deviation of The International Health Regulations(2005)and its correction in the control of infectious diseases

《国际卫生条例(2005)》本应在传染病防控中扮演领导者与监督者的角色,但从近年来多次传染病国际联合防治的实情来看其角色出现偏差。这是由于《国际卫生条例(2005)》的软法有限约束力、防控体系构建主体单一以及整个公共卫生治理领域权力与制度的分散造成的,最终导致了缔约国执行不力、WHO无法正常运作等严重后果。因此,必须从内部规则的安排和外部制度的完善来矫正这种偏差,具体措施包括提高软法的可执行性、构建多维的公共卫生治理体系以及引领WHO发挥主导作用。

The International Health Regulations(2005)should have played the role of leader and supervisor in the control of infectious diseases.However,from the actual situation of many international joint prevention and control of infectious diseases in recent years,its role has deviated.This is due to the limited binding force of the soft law nature,the construction of a single prevention and control system for the main body,and the decentralization in the organization and system of the entire public health governance field,which ultimately led to poor implementation of the State party and the normal implement of WHO and other serious consequences.Therefore,we must correct this deviation from the arrangement of internal rules and the improvement of external systems.Specific measures include enhancing the enforceability of the soft law,building a multidimensional public health governance system,and leading WHO to play a leading role.