不同品种油菜产量构成、倒伏特征及品质特性对弱光胁迫的响应

Differences in Yield,Lodging and Quality of Oilseed Rape in Response to Low Light Stresses

为选育耐弱光胁迫油菜品种,缓解阴雨寡照气候对油菜生产的影响,以8个四川常用油菜品种为试验材料,通过比较正常光照和遮光处理油菜产量构成、倒伏特征和品质特性等,明确不同油菜对弱光胁迫的响应,构建油菜耐弱光胁迫评价体系。结果表明:弱光胁迫下,油菜主序角果数、主序千粒重、一次分枝角果数、一次分枝每角果粒数的减少程度对产量影响最大,其与敏感型、耐受型油菜品种的产量降低程度显著相关;茎杆截面积和壁厚对敏感型、耐受型油菜品种倒伏系数显著相关,茎杆直径和壁厚对敏感型、耐受型油菜抗折力显著相关;耐受型油菜品种硫甙、棕榈酸含量及含油量显著低于敏感型油菜品种,而蛋白质、油酸、亚油酸含量显著高于敏感型油菜品种;德油6号、早杂2号、德油5号、绵油309、绵油15在弱光条件下更易获得高产;德油6号茎秆在弱光条件下具有较高的抗折力,在弱光逆境下更抗倒伏;德油5号油菜籽粒硫甙含量较低,在弱光胁迫下具有较高的品质。

To breed lowlight-tolerance oilseed rape and alleviate the influence of cloudy and rainy weather on yield and seed quality of oilseed rape,in this study,we compared the yield,traits of lodging and seed quality of 8 oilseed rapes in Sichuan province under low light and normal light conditions.Decreases in the number of siliques,1000 gains weight in main head and siliques number and seed number per siliques in primary branch,which are highly related to the yield of tolerant rape varieties,were found to be significantly correlated with the yield under low light stress.The cross-sectional area and wall thickness were closely related to the lodging coefficient of sensitive and tolerant rape varieties.Stem diameter and wall thickness were found highly impacted by the flexural resistance of sensitive and tolerant rape varieties.The content of glucosinolate,palmitic acid and the oil in tolerant rape varieties seeds were significantly lower than those in sensitive rape varieties,while contents of protein,oleic acid,and linoleic acid were much higher than those in sensitive rape varieties.These results showed that Deyou 6,Zaoza 2,Deyou 5,Mianyou 309 and Mianyou 15 tend to have higher yields under weak light conditions,the stem of Deyou 6 had higher bending resistance under low light conditions and more resistance to lodging under low light stresses.However,the content of glucosinolates in seed of Deyou 5 was lower when compared to the rest,while its seed quality was higher under low light stresses.