河南省旅游产业集群化发展水平测度与发展对策

Measurement and Countermeasures of Tourism Industry Cluster Development Level in Henan Province

近年来,依托于丰富的自然和人文景观资源,旅游产业已成为河南省经济发展的支柱产业。为进一步提高河南省旅游产业的竞争力,本文结合相关理论,选取河南省2008~2019年全省及各地市旅游收入和旅游企业数据,对河南省旅游产业集群化发展程度进行测度。另外运用灰色关联法研究旅游产业规模和相关产业的关联度,剖析河南省旅游产业集群发展中存在的主要问题,进而提出相关建议,以促进河南省旅游产业的发展。结果发现:(1)旅游企业集聚度低,旅行社业集聚度下降。近三年来,河南省旅行社业没有形成集聚,旅游饭店业逐渐产生集聚效果;(2)各地市旅游集聚度差距较大,发展不平衡。河南省有6个地级市的旅游收入区位熵超过了2,说明这几个地市的旅游产业集群化发展在全国处于高水平;(3)各地市旅游产业与相关产业关联度差距较大。河南省旅游产业与邮电业、餐饮住宿业关联度较高,购物业最低。

In recent years,relying on rich natural and cultural landscape resources,tourism industry has become the pillar industry of economic development in Henan Province.In order to further improve the competitiveness of tourism industry in Henan Province,this paper,combined with relevant theories,selected the tourism revenue and tourism enterprise data of Henan Province and other cities from 2008 to 2019 to measure the development degree of tourism industry cluster in Henan Province.In addition,the grey correlation method is used to study the scale of tourism industry and the correlation degree of related industries,so as to analyze the main problems existing in the development of tourism industry clusters in Henan Province,and then put forward relevant suggestions to promote the development of tourism industry in Henan Province.The results show that:(1)the agglomeration degree of tourism enterprises is low,and the agglomeration degree of travel agency industry is declining.In the past three years,the travel agency industry in Henan Province has not formed a cluster,but the tourism hotel industry has gradually produced a cluster effect.(2)There is a big gap in tourism agglomeration degree and unbalanced development in different cities.The location entropy of tourism income of 6 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province is more than 2,which indicates that the development of tourism industry cluster of these cities is at a high level in the country.(3)The correlation degree gap between tourism industry and related industries in different cities is large.In Henan province,the correlation between tourism industry and post and telecommunication industry,catering and accommodation industry is high,while shopping industry is the lowest.