内蒙古自治区老年人主观幸福感的影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of subjective well-being of the elderly in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

目的了解内蒙古自治区老年人主观幸福感的状况,分析影响老年人主观幸福感的因素。方法采用分层抽样的方法,收集内蒙古自治区2109例老年人的有效问卷进行分析。结果20.7%的老年人的主观幸福感状态为一般及以下。年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、经济状况、健康状况、养老方式是老年人主观幸福感的影响因素(P<0.05)。logistic回归结果显示,60~65岁老年人的主观幸福感高于≥76岁老年人(OR=2.823,P<0.01);66~75岁的老年人的主观幸福感高于≥76岁老年人(OR=1.777,P=0.001)。经济状况一般及以上的老年人的主观幸福感高于经济状况差的老年人(OR=3.842,P<0.01)。健康状况良好的老年人主观幸福感高于健康状况一般及以下的老年人(OR=2.835,P<0.01)。与机构养老相比,居家社区养老的老年人主观幸福感较高(OR=2.534,P<0.01)。结论≤75岁、经济状况一般及以上、健康状况良好、居家社区养老是老年人主观幸福感的保护因素。

Objective To investigate the status of subjective well-being of the elderly in Inner Mongolia Autono⁃mous Region,and analyze the factors that affect the subjective well-being of the elderly.Methods The valid question⁃naires of 2109 elderly people in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were collected and analyzed by stratified sam⁃pling method.Results A total of 20.7%of the elderly people's subjective well-being status was fair and below.Age,education level,marital status,economic status,health status,and old-age care methods had an impact on the subjective well-being of the elderly(P<0.05).The results of logistic regression showed that the subjective well-being of the elderly aged 60-65 was higher than that of the elderly aged≥76(OR=2.823,P<0.01);the subjective well-being of the elderly aged 66-75 was higher than that of the elderly aged≥76(OR=1.777,P=0.001).The subjective well-being of the elderly with average and above economic status was higher than that with poor(OR=3.842,P<0.01).The subjective well-being of the elderly with good health was higher than with average health and below(OR=2.835,P<0.01).Compared with in⁃stitutional care,the elderly in home and community care had a higher subjective well-being(OR=2.534,P<0.01).Conclusion≤75 years old,average economic status or above,good health,home and community care are protective fac⁃tors affecing the subjective well-being of the elderly.