社区健康教育在冠心病患者中的应用对提高患者自我管理能力和提升治疗依从性研究

Role of community health education in improvement of self-care ability and treatment compliance in patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨将健康宣教应用于社区冠心病患者中,对提高其治疗依从性与自我管理能力的影响。方法研究对象为2018年3月至2020年4月上海市瑞金康复医院及下级3所社区卫生服务机构所纳入的52例冠心病患者,以随机数表法均分为2组。对照组予以常规健康宣教,试验组予以社区健康宣教,分析2组干预效果。结果试验组治疗总有效率(96%)显著高于对照组(69%),χ^(2)=6.5840,P<0.05;试验组定期复诊、自我调节、服药管理、适度运动及控制饮食评分为(84±7)分、(82±6)分、(82±5)分、(92±4)分、(81±4)分,显著高于对照组(64±9)分、(64±9)分、(66±8)分、(60±9)分、(62±10)分,t=9.028 0、8.675 9、8.763 2、15.524 2、9.154 9(P<0.05)。结论在社区冠心病患者中,予以定期详实的社区健康宣教干预,可取得确切干预效果,不仅能够提升患者遵医嘱治疗依从性,同时还能提高其自我管理能力,建议在社区中推广。

Objective To determine the effect of community health education on the improvement of self-care ability and treatment compliance in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods Fifty-two CHD patients admitted to Shanghai Ruijin Rehabilitation Hospital and 3 affiliated community health service institutions between March 2018 and April 2020 were included as the subjects in the study.All patients were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given routine health education,and the study group was given community health education.The intervention effects in the two groups were analyzed.Results The total effective rate of treatment in the study group(96%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(69%),(χ^(2)=6.5840,P<0.05).The scores of regular follow-up,self-regulation,medication management,moderate exercise and diet control in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(84±7)vs(64±9),(82±6)vs(64±9),(82±5)vs(66±8),(92±5)vs(60±9),(81±4)vs(62±10),t=9.0280,8.6759,8.7632,15.5242 and 9.1549,respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion For CHD patients in community,regular and detailed health education intervention achieves definite intervention effects.It may not only improve patient compliance with physician advice,but also improve their self-care ability,and therefore is justified for widespread use in community.