成都市在校大学生性行为中安全套的使用及影响因素

Condom Use and Its Influencing Factors Among College Students in Chengdu

目的了解大学生性行为状况及安全套使用情况,并分析其影响因素,为高校更好地、有针对性的开展防艾教育与性教育工作提供参考依据。方法本研究采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,以问卷星形式对抽取的成都市3所高校的1677名在校大学生进行调查,运用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计分析。单因素分析采用Person χ^(2)检验和Fisher确切概率法,多因素分析采用非条件Logistic回归模型。结果被调查大学生艾滋病知识知晓率85.15%(1 428/1 677);第1次性行为安全套使用率为67.74%(168/248),最近1次性行为安全套使用率为78.63%(195/248)。多因素分析结果表明,性行为中使用安全套的阻碍因素是性取向为同性恋者[比值比(OR)=0.333,95%可信区间(CI):0.115~0.963]及双性恋者(OR=0.279,95%CI:0.102~0.764);第1次性行为中使用了安全套(OR=8.214,95%CI:3.962~17.026)及安全套使用自我效能得分高者(OR=9.924,95%CI:2.212~44.518)是性行为中使用安全套的保护因素。结论受访成都市大学生有较高的艾滋病知识知晓率,但安全套使用率偏低,存在艾滋病(AIDS)知识知行分离情况。学校等相关部门应采取针对性的干预措施提高安全套使用的自我效能,并且高度关注性取向为同性恋及双性恋者的防艾教育,从而有效遏制艾滋病在青年学生中传播。

Objective To investigate the status of sexual behavior status,condom use and its influencing factors among college students in Chengdu so as to provide a reference for the targeted AIDS health education. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 677 college students from three universities in Chengdu. The questionnaire survey was conducted via questionnaire stars, and SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square tests and Fisher exact probability method were used for univariate analysis,and multivariate analysis was performed by using unconditional Logistic regression model. Results The awareness rate of AIDS among the participants was 85.15%(1 428/1 677). The condom using rate for the first sexual intercourse was 67.74%(168/248), and the condom using rate for the recent sex behaviors was 78.63%(195/248). Multivariate analysis showed that sexual orientation(OR=0.333,95%CI:0.115~0.963)and bisexuality(OR=0.279, 95% CI: 0.102~0.764) were the obstacles to condom use in sexual behaviors. The use of condoms in the first sexual behavior(OR=8.214, 95% CI: 3.962~17.026)and the high self-efficacy score of condom use(OR=9.924, 95% CI: 2.212~44.518) were the protective factors for condom use in sex behaviors. Conclusion The surveyed college students in Chengdu have a high awareness rate of HIV/AIDS, but a low condom using rate. The separation between cognition of AIDS knowledge and sexual behaviors was existed among college students in Chengdu. Schools and other relevant departments should take targeted interventions to improve the self-efficacy of condom use, and pay attention to AIDS prevention education for homosexual and bisexual people,so as to effectively curb the spread of AIDS among young students.