红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物的空间分布格局与影响因素——基于315处全国重点文物保护单位的研究

The Temporal and Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Red Revolutionary Sites and Revolutionary Memorial Buildings-Taking the 315 National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units for Example

红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物产生于中国革命实践中,是中国革命的见证者,承载着中国共产党人的初心使命。文章以全国重点文物保护单位中的315处红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析法和定量分析法,对其时空分布状况、分布特征和影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明,我国红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物的空间分布类型以集聚型为主,片区化、集群式分布是不同时期红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物空间分布的共同特征。空间分布密度总体呈现由东向西衰减的规律。时空分布呈现出明显的非均衡性特征,并且按照顺时针方向形成动态演化格局。中国共产党在不同时期革命方针和革命路线的变化,地形地貌、山川河流等自然环境和地理条件,不同区域的人口分布与经济条件分别是影响红色革命遗址及革命纪念建筑物时空分布的直接因素、客观因素和基础因素。

The red revolutionary sites and revolutionary memorial buildings were born in the practice of the Chinese revolution. They are the witnesses of the Chinese revolution and bear the original mission of Chinese Communists.In this paper, 315 red revolutionary sites and revolutionary memorial buildings in the national key cultural relics pro-tection units are taken as the research objects, and the spatial and temporal distribution, characteristics and influencing factors are studied by using GIS spatial analysis and quantitative analysis. The results show that the spatial distribution type of red revolutionary sites and revolutionary memorial buildings in China are mainly concentrated, and the region-al and cluster distribution are the common characteristics of the spatial distribution of red revolution sites and revolu-tionary memorial buildings in different periods. The spatial distribution density decreases from east to west. The spatial and temporal distribution shows obvious non-equilibrium characteristics and forms a dynamic evolution pattern in a clockwise direction. The changes of the revolutionary policy and line of the Communist Party of China in different periods, the natural environment and geographical conditions such as topography, mountains and rivers, and the popu-lation distribution and economic basis in different regions are the direct, objective and basic factors affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of red revolutionary sites and revolutionary memorial buildings.