抚顺西露天矿采空区北部区域地质灾害风险评估与适应性评价研究

Study on risk assessment and adaptability evaluation of regional geological hazards in the northern part of goaf in Fushun west surface mine

对抚顺西露天矿采空区北部区域的地质构造、水文、人为工程等资料进行分析,明确了研究区内倾倒—座落滑移变形、倾倒滑移变形、沉陷滑移变形、滑坡和地裂缝等主要地质灾害类型。在此基础上,结合地表建筑体重要性因素,认为研究区或近邻区地质灾害的控制因素为地质背景条件因子、人为工程背景因子、地质体现阶段稳定性因子和地表影响重要性因子,并根据各因子危害性赋以相应因子值,从而为建模和定量化分析提供基础数据。基于权重分布和地质灾害判据因子建立地质灾害风险评估模型,通过主成分分析法确定权重因子。依据研究区33个地质体现场调查结果,建立了研究区地质灾害风险评估标准:当地质灾害风险评估系数Z≤2.1时,地质灾害风险小;当2.1<Z≤3.2时,地质灾害风险中等;当Z>3.2时,地质灾害风险高。根据地质灾害风险评估标准,对研究区进行了分区地质灾害风险评估,评估结果表明,石油一厂厂区和发电厂厂区中南部大部分区域地质灾害危险性较大,需要通过监测监控、注浆、内排等方式降低灾害影响;水泥厂厂区附近区域目前属于安全区域,仅需做好相应的监控工作。

Based on the analysis of the data of geological structure,hydrology and artificial engineering in the northern part of goaf in Fushun west surface mine,the main types of geological hazard in the study area,such as toppling-location sliding deformation,toppling sliding deformation,subsidence sliding deformation,landslide and ground fissure,are defined.On this basis,combined with the importance factor of surface structures,it is considered that the controlling factors of geological hazards in the study area or adjacent area are geological background condition factor,artificial engineering background factor,stability factor of geological body at this stage and importance factor of surface influence.The corresponding factor value is assigned according to the risk of each factor,thus providing the basic conditions for modeling and quantitative analysis.Based on the weight distribution and the criterion factors of geological hazards,the risk assessment model of geological hazards is established,and the weight factors are determined by principal component analysis.According to the field survey results of 33 geological bodies in the study area,the risk assessment(Z)standard of geological hazards in the study area is established,that is,when Z≤2.1,the risk of geological hazards is small;when 2.1<Z≤3.2,the risk of geological hazards is medium;when Z>3.2,the risk of geological hazards is high.According to the geological hazard risk assessment standard,the regional geological hazard risk assessment is carried out in the study area.The evaluation results show that most areas of the first oil plant and the south central part of the power plant are of high risk of geological hazards.It is necessary to reduce the impact of the hazards through monitoring,grouting,internal drainage and other ways;at present,the area around the cement factory belongs to the safe area,only the corresponding monitoring measures need to be taken.