养殖大黄鱼肌肉品质评价及其营养调控的研究进展

Research progress of flesh quality evaluation and nutrition regulation of farmed large yellow croaker

大黄鱼(Larimichthys croceus)是我国特有的海洋经济鱼种,其肉质鲜美,深受消费者的喜爱。然而,过度捕捞导致野生大黄鱼产量日益减少,养殖大黄鱼现已成为满足消费需求的重要途径。相较于野生大黄鱼,养殖大黄鱼存在体色变浅、脂肪含量较多、腥味较重等问题,营养调控被认为是一种改善养殖大黄鱼品质的安全有效的方法。本文从大黄鱼体色、肌肉质地、营养成分、风味滋味等方面综述了评价大黄鱼品质的各个指标,着重论述了可用于改善大黄鱼品质的多种饲料添加剂及其对可能涉及的相关基因表达的影响等,以期为研究开发高品质大黄鱼饲用添加剂,并将其应用于养殖大黄鱼肌肉品质的改善提供参考。

Large yellow croaker(Larimichthys croceus)is a typically marine economical fish in our country,which is very popular with consumers due to its delicious tastes.However,the overfishing resulted in the decreased production of wild large yellow croaker in recent years,and the farmed one was the main way to meet consumers’demands.Compared with the wild large yellow croaker,some severe problems occurred in the farmed one,such as light skin color,high fat content,and heavy fishy smell,etc.The nutrition regulation may be considered as a safe and effective way to improve the qualities of the farmed large yellow croaker.This review was to present various indicators for fish qualities,including skin color,muscle texture,nutrient components,flavor,etc.Emphasis was placed on a variety of feed additives available to improve fish qualities and the possible influence on related gene expression.This work is expected to guide for developing new feed additives used to improve the qualities of farmed large yellow croaker.