钻井液用聚合物分子结构与环保性能的关系研究

Study on the Relationship Between Molecular Structure of Polymer for Drilling Fluids and Performance of Environmental Protection

为了探究聚合物的分子结构与环保性能的关系,合成了一系列聚合物类钻井液处理剂,采用发光细菌法(EC_(50))和BOD_(5)/COD_(Cr)比值评定法,研究了官能团种类、分子骨架结构及分子量等对其生物毒性和生物降解性能的影响。实验结果表明:官能团和分子骨架结构对生物毒性和生物降解性的影响较大;而分子量对生物毒性的影响较小,对生物降解性的影响较大。

A series of drilling fluid polymers were synthesized to investigate the relationship between the molecular structure and environmental friendliness of drilling fluid polymers.Using the luminescent bacteria method(EC_(50))and BOD_(5)/COD_(Cr)ratio method,the effects of the type of functional groups,the backbone structure of molecules and molecular weight on the biotoxicity and biodegradability of a polymer was studied.It was found that functional groups and backbone structures of a molecule play the major role in the magnitude of biotoxicity and biodegradability,the molecular weight of a polymer,on the other hand,has minor impacts on its biotoxicity and major impacts on its biodegradability.