基于土地视角的中国城乡结构转型与经济增长

China’s Urban-Rural Structural Change and Economic Growth from Land Perspective

中国的持续高速经济增长伴随着快速的城镇化和房地产业的崛起。在这一过程中,独特的土地制度发挥了巨大的作用。在中国,土地兼具作为生产要素和政策工具的双重职能。本文构建了一个城乡多部门模型,研究土地对城乡结构转型和经济增长的影响。研究发现:政府的土地政策会影响城乡转型过程,存在最优的土地融资比例;房地产建筑业部门的扩大会加速城镇化过程,但在长期不利于资本深化,过度扩张会损害经济增长。

China’s sustained high-speed economic growth is accompanied by rapid urbanization and the rise of the real estate industry.In this process,the unique land system has played an important role.We construct a multi-sectoral economic growth model to study the impact of land on urban-rural structural change and economic growth.We find that local government’s land policy affects the urban-rural structural change,and there is an optimal ratio of land using for financing.The expansion of the real estate industry accelerates the process of urbanization,but in the long run will damage economic growth.