我国海滩游客安全事故数据库和事故特征分析

Tourists Accident Database and Accident Characteristics of Beach Tourism in China

为填补我国海滩游客安全事故的研究空白,同时为滨海旅游区的海洋灾害风险调查和防灾减灾策略制定提供支撑,文章通过互联网搜索并提取公开报道中的海滩游客安全事故信息,并对事故特征进行分析。研究结果表明:2001—2019年我国沿海地区发生619次海滩游客安全事故,涉及人员1141人(其中溺亡和失踪660人);事故集中发生在我国东海南部和南海沿岸,其中福建、海南、广东和山东最多;事故量于每年7—8月达到峰值,在15—18时的时间段最多;失事游客中7~24岁的年轻群体占比最高,男性人数约为女性人数的4.1倍;已知的大部分事故发生在游客游泳或戏水时,海浪和潮汐是有明确记载的造成事故的最重要自然动力因素;建议重视对海滩安全知识的科普宣传和对安全事故的规范化管理,同时提高游客的安全意识。

In order to fill in the blanks in the study on domestic accidents in beach tourism and provide support for the investigation on marine hazards of coastal resorts and the plotting of disaster prevention and mitigation strategy,the paper extracted relevant information from public news on the internet and analyzed the characteristics of the accidents.The results showed that there were 619 accidents from 2001 to 2019,involving 1141 people(660 drowning or missing included).Large loss of life occurred in the coast of the southern East China Sea and the South China Sea,most of which were in Fujian Province,Hainan Province,Guangdong Province and Shandong Province.The number of accidents peaked in July and August and accidents tended to occur during 15:00 to 18:00.Young people aged between 7 and 24 years were predominant among the injuries and males were 4.1 times as many as their female counterpart.Most of the injured were in danger while swimming or wading.Wave and tide were definitive main natural cause of the accidents.More attention was needed on the scientific publicity of beach safety and standardized accident management.It was important for tourists to enhance safety consciousness at the same time.