三叶木通雌雄花芽转录组测序及分析

Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis of Male and Female Flower Buds in Akebia Trifoliate

为寻找三叶木通雌雄花性别分化的相关基因,从基因的表达水平上揭示三叶木通雌雄分化的分子机制.以三叶木通雌雄分化期的花芽为材料,采用高通量测序技术,对自然状态下三叶木通的雌性花芽与雄性花芽进行转录组测序,通过生物信息学对雌雄花芽的转录本进行分析,筛选差异表达基因.将雌花与雄花Unigene进行表达量分析,筛选表达量高且可信度高的基因,雄花(MT2)相对雌花(MT1)共有2 579个基因表达上调,2 793个基因表达下调.差异基因GO功能分析表明:在生物过程中,基因大量富集在细胞组成相关的功能,在分子功能方面,DNA的转录调控和蛋白质结合的相关基因数量较多.差异基因KEGG分析表明,差异基因映射到130个不同的生物途径,与糖代谢,蛋白质翻译折叠及表达相关的通路数量较多,其中显著富集的生物途径主要为植物激素信号转导、植物与病原互作及淀粉和蔗糖的代谢.结果表明三叶木通的雌雄花芽分化与植物激素信号转导的过程密切相关,根据分析结果推测三叶木通雌雄花芽分化可能受植物激素以及MADS-box基因家族调控.

In order to find the genes related to the sex differentiation of the male and female flowers of Akebia trifoliate and reveal its molecular mechanism from the gene expression level, the flower buds are adopted as the materials, and the high-throughput sequencing technology is used to analyze the nature. Transcriptome sequencing is performed on the female and male flower buds of Akebia trifoliate in the state. Meanwhile, the transcripts of the male and female flower buds are analyzed by the bioinformatics and the differentially expressed genes are screened. Moreover, the expression levels of the female flowers and the male flowers Unigene are analyzed. A total of 2579 genes are up-regulated, and 2793 genes are down-regulated to screen for the genes with the high expression levels and high reliability after male flowers is compared with female flowers. The analysis of differential gene GO function shows that a large number of Unigenes are enriched in the related functions of cell composition. In terms of molecular functions, the number of genes related to the regulation of DNA transcription and protein binding are much more. The KEGG analysis of the differential genes shows that the differential genes map to 130 different biological pathways. There are a large number of pathways related to sugar metabolism, protein translation, folding and expression. Among them, the significantly enriched biological pathways are mainly: plant hormone signal transduction, plant interaction with pathogens and metabolism of starch and sucrose. The results show that the differentiation between male and female flower buds of Akebia trifoliate is closely related to the process of plant hormone signal transduction. It is speculated that the differentiation of male and female flower buds of Akebia trifoliate is closely related to plant hormones and the MADS-box gene family according to the analysis results.