自闭症儿童教育干预策略实证调查研究

An Empirical Study on Educational Intervention Strategies for Autistic Children

文章采用问卷调查法和访谈法,对10省市部分公立特殊学校和私立教育机构的自闭症儿童教师进行了调查,结果显示在对自闭症儿童进行教育干预时所采用的策略有以下倾向:教育以隔离干预为主,融合教育是目标而不是手段;认同对儿童进行科学评估,但实际操作较初级、简单;为儿童制定IEP,但操作中不乏随意性;赞同儿童能力均衡发展,不乏知识化、功利化倾向;干预方法多元,但模仿国外较多、凭个人经验选择较多;教师与家长、同事原始自发性联合干预较多,专业团队合作尚未建立。建议:推进融合教育政策的完善和细化;加强师资培训,并建立专业化的合作团队;丰富自闭症儿童教育的教学资源建设。

Through questionnaire survey and interview,this paper investigates the teachers of autistic children in some public special schools and private educational institutions in 10 provinces and cities,and the results show that the strategies adopted in the educational intervention for autistic children tend to be as follows:Education focuses on isolation intervention,and integrated education is the goal rather than the means;Agree to carry out scientific evaluation on children,but the actual operation is more elementary and simple;IEP will be made for children,but there is no lack of randomness in operation;Agree with the balanced development of children's ability,but there is no lack of knowledge,utilitarian tendency;The intervention methods are diversified,but there are more imitation of foreign countries and more choices based on personal experience.Teachers,parents and colleagues have more original spontaneous joint intervention,and professional team cooperation has not been established.Suggestions are put forward as follows:to promote the perfection and refinement of integrated education policy;Strengthen teacher training and establish a professional team of cooperation;To enrich the construction of teaching resources for autistic children.