湛江口岸进口冻虾携带病毒检测发现与分析

Detection and Analysis of Virus Carried by Imported Frozen Shrimp at Zhanjiang Port

为了解印度、厄瓜多尔进口冷冻虾病原携带情况,掌握进口冻虾的疫情动态,为监控部门提供科学依据,对2019—2020年中301批进口冻虾进行WSSV、IHHNV、YHV、TSV和IMNV病原体检测,其中印度254批、厄瓜多尔47批。进口冻虾中WSSV的阳性率为23.92%,IHHNV的阳性率5.65%,WSSV和IHHNV共感染阳性率1.66%,而YHV、TSV、IMNV均没有检出。其中来自印度的冻虾中,WSSV阳性率达26.77%,IHHNV阳性率1.97%,WSSV和IHHNV共感染率是1.66%;来自厄瓜多尔的冻虾中,WSSV的阳性率8.5%,IHHNV的阳性率达25.53%,WSSV和IHHNV的共感染率8.5%。根据冻虾的形态分析结果显示,冻虾仁中WSSV的阳性率达25.6%,IHHNV的阳性率1.45%;带头带壳的冻虾中,WSSV的阳性率达20.21%,IHHNV的阳性率达14.99%,WSSV/IHHNV的阳性率是5.32%。结果提示,印度的冻虾主要以感染WSSV为主,厄瓜多尔主要以感染IHHNV为主,带头带壳的冻虾WSSV和IHHNV的阳性率都很高,因此亟须加强对进口冻虾产品的管控力度,防止给我国对虾养殖业造成潜在的传播风险。

In order to understand the pathogenic status of imported frozen shrimps from India and Ecuador, grasp the epidemic situation of imported frozen shrimps, and provide scientific basis for monitoring authorities, 301 batches of imported frozen shrimps from 2019 to 2020 were tested for WSSV, IHHNV, YHV, TSV and IMNV pathogens, among which 254 batches were imported from India and 47 batches were imported from Ecuador. Results: the positive rate of WSSV was 23.92%, the positive rate of IHHNV was 5.65%, and the positive rate of co-infection WSSV and IHHNV were 1.66%,and YHV, TSV, IMNV could not detected. Among the frozen shrimp from India, the positive rate of WSSV was up to 26.77%, the positive rate of IHHNV was 1.97%, and the positive rate of of co-anfection WSSV and IHHNV ware higher1.66%;in the frozen shrimp from Ecuador, the positive rates of WSSV was 8.5%, the positive rates of IHHNV was 25.53%, and the positive rate of of co-infection WSSV and IHHNV ware 8.5%. According to the morphological analysis of frozen shrimp, the positive rate of WSSV was 25.6%, the positive rate of IHHNV 1.45%;the positive rates of WSSV, IHHNV and WSSV/IHHNV were 20.21%, 14.99% and 5.32% respectively in the head and shell frozen shrimp. The results suggested that frozen shrimps in India were mainly infected with WSSV, while in Ecuador, they were mainly infected with IHHNV. The positive rate of WSSV and IHHNV of frozen shrimp with head and shell is very high.It was necessary to strengthen the control of imported frozen shrimp products to prevent the potential transmission risk of imported frozen shrimp to China’s shrimp breeding industry.