支气管哮喘患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞及血清总IgE的变化与肺功能的关系

The Relationship Between the Changes of Peripheral Blood Eosinophils and Serum Total IgE and Lung Function in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

目的研究支气管哮喘患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)及血清总免疫球蛋白(IgE)的变化与肺功能的关系。方法选取2018年1月-2020年8月在我院诊治97例支气管哮喘患者设为观察组,另选同期健康体检者50例设为对照组。比较两组的外周血EOS计数、血清总IgE水平,检测两组的第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气峰值流速(PEF),并将哮喘组患者分为急性发作期、缓解期组进行对比分析。结果观察组外周血EOS计数、血清总IgE水平均高于对照组,FEV1、FVC、PEF均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);急性发作期哮喘患者外周血EOS计数、血清总IgE水平均高于缓解期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);急性发作期哮喘患者外周血EOS计数、血清总IgE水平与FEV1、FVC、PEF呈负相关(r=-0.645、-0.456、-0.460、-0.702、-0.782、-0.745,P<0.05)。结论支气管哮喘患者外周血EOS计数、血清总IgE水平均显著升高,其引起的支气管哮喘患者气道炎症反应,可反应肺功能受损程度,为临床支气管哮喘的治疗和预后评价提供一定参考依据。

Objective To study the relationship between the changes of peripheral blood eosinophils(EOS)and serum total immunoglobulin(IgE)and lung function in patients with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 97 patients with bronchial asthma who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the observation group,and 50 patients with healthy physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The peripheral blood EOS counts and total serum IgE levels of the two groups were compared,and the forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),and maximum peak expiratory flow rate(PEF)of the two groups were detected.The patients in the asthma group were divided into acute attack and remission groups for comparative analysis.Results The peripheral blood EOS count and total serum IgE level of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and FEV1,FVC,and PEF were lower than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The peripheral blood EOS count and serum total IgE level of asthma patients in the acute attack stage were higher than those in the remission stage,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Peripheral blood EOS count and serum total IgE level in acute asthma patients were negatively correlated with FEV1,FVC,and PEF(r=-0.645,-0.456,-0.460,-0.702,-0.782,-0.745,P<0.05).Conclusion The peripheral blood EOS counts and serum total IgE levels in patients with bronchial asthma are significantly increased.The airway inflammation caused by them can reflect the degree of impaired lung function,and provide a reference for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of clinical bronchial asthma.