新型环保润滑剂的制备及其在页岩气水基钻井液中的应用

Preparation of New Environmental-friendly Lubricant and Its Application in Shale Gas Water Based Drilling Fluid

为了解决页岩气水平井在长水平段钻井施工时产生的高摩阻、高扭矩问题,使用长链脂肪酸和有机多元醇为原料,合成了脂肪酸酯类聚合物,并添加有机硼极压抗磨剂和非离子表面活性剂,研制出了一种新型环保润滑剂HBR-12。室内评价了其润滑性能、与钻井液的配伍性以及环保性能,并分析了其作用机理,结果表明:在基浆中加入1.0%HBR-12后能使润滑系数降低率达到85%以上,泥饼黏附系数降低率达到70%以上,极压膜强度可以达到200MPa以上,润滑性能明显优于其他常用润滑剂;HBR-12与现场水基钻井液具有良好的配伍性,不影响钻井液流变性的前提下,可以有效降低钻井液体系的润滑系数和滤饼黏附系数;另外,HBR-12的荧光级别较低和生物毒性较低,生物降解性较好,具有良好的环保性能。现场应用结果表明,X-1井水平段使用加入HBR-12的钻井液钻进时没有出现钻井托压、卡钻以及起下钻遇阻等井下复杂情况,钻井液润滑性能良好,取得了较好的施工效果。

In order to solve the problems of high friction and high torque in shale gas horizontal well drilling,a new environmental protection lubricant HBR-12 was developed by using long-chain fatty acids and organic polyols as raw materials and adding organic boron extreme pressure anti-wear agent and non-ionic surfactant.The lubricating performance,compatibility with drilling fluid and environmental protection performance were evaluated in laboratory,and its action mechanism was analyzed.The results showed that the lubricating coefficient decreased by more than 85% after adding 1.0% HBR-12 to the base mud,the reduction rate of mud cake adhesion coefficient reached more than 70%,and the extreme pressure film strength could reach more than 200 MPa.The lubrication performance of HBR-12 was better than that of other common lubricants Compatibility can effectively reduce the lubrication coefficient and mud cake adhesion coefficient of the drilling fluid system without affecting the drilling fluid rheology;in addition,HBR-12 has low fluorescence level and low biological toxicity,good biodegradability and good environmental protection performance.The field application results show that HBR-12 drilling fluid is not used in the horizontal section of well X-1,and there is no downhole complex situation such as drilling holdup,pipe sticking and tripping resistance.The drilling fluid has good lubrication performance and has achieved good construction effect.