中国城市创新网络演化特征及多维邻近性机制

Characteristics,Evolution and Mechanism of Inter-city Innovation Network in China:From a Perspective of Multi-dimensional Proximity

以我国295个地级及以上城市为研究对象,利用城市间联合申请发明专利作为截面数据,采用社会网络分析法构建城市创新网络,总结其结构演化特征,并用负二项式重力模型,从邻近性视角探讨其演化机制。结果表明:(1)我国城市创新网络快速发展,网络生长呈现择优、邻近连接态势,中心城市和城市群的技术合作是主要网络形式,网络结构呈现"骨干网+区域网+专业网"三网镶嵌局面。(2)网络连接主要依托中心城市,这些城市彼此紧密合作,构成整体网络的骨干网;网络生长主要围绕中心城市联络周边城市和技术关联城市,促成城市群创新网络(区域网)和专业技术创新网络(专业网)。(3)城市间技术合作受城市自身创新能力深刻影响外,地理邻近、技术邻近和制度邻近都有显著促进作用,表明多维邻近性分析框架对我国城市创新网络结构演化具有较强解释力。

This paper takes 295 cities at prefecture-level and above in China as research objects,uses the cross-section data of joint applications for invention patent between cities, and social network analysis to construct China’s inter-city innovation network,summarizes its structure and evolution characteristics,and uses the negative binomial gravity model to discuss its evolution mechanism from a perspective of multi-dimensional proximity. The results show that: 1) China’s inter-city cooperative innovation network is developing rapidly,and forming a synthetic structure with "skeleton network& regional network & radiation network". 2) Network structural evolution mainly relies on central cities. These cities cooperate with each other strongly and weave continuously to be a backbone of the entire innovation network. They actively contact with surrounding cities and technology-related cities to promote regional innovation network and technology innovation network. 3) In addition to the influence of innovation capability of cities, geographic proximity,technological proximity and institutional proximity all play a significant role in promoting inter-city technology cooperation and network growth. From the perspective of multi-dimensional proximity,the structural characteristics and evolution mechanism of the network are well explained.