2006—2018年中国区域创新结构演变

Evolution of China’s Regional Innovation Structure in 2006-2018

选取中国地级及以上城市作为基本分析单元,基于国家知识产权局公布的2006—2018年国内发明专利数据,通过甄别不断嬗变的区域创新格局,梳理错综复杂的区域创新网络,揭示"十一五"以来中国区域创新结构的演变历程。主要结论包含:(1)中国区域创新结构整体上存在两个演变趋势:一为南北分异的持续显现,二为区域创新"菱形构架"的日益稳固。(2)重点城市群的协同创新模式迥异。南方城市群创新分布趋向均衡,各城市群内部创新能级差异逐渐缩小,合作与日俱增。北方城市群则出现极化趋势,不仅城市群内部创新分异加剧,合作减少,城市群之间合作也相对乏力。(3)中国区域创新结构兼具集聚经济与跨区域协同的双重特征,一小部分创新增长极不仅集聚着越来越多的创新活动,在区域创新网络中也扮演着越发重要的中枢角色。随后,文章从抑制南北创新分异、建立更加有效的城市群协同创新机制、充分发挥成都与成渝城市群在国家区域创新体系建设中的关键作用以及构建数字化区域协同创新平台等方面,对中国区域创新发展提出一系列政策建议。

Optimizing the structure of regional innovation is the core driving force of China’s high-quality economic development in the new era. This paper sheds light on the evolution patterns as well as the networks of the regional innovation in China, aiming at revealing the characteristics of China’s regional innovation structure from 2006 to 2018.The findings of the paper can be concluded as follows. Firstly,the results unveil two trends in the patterns of innovation:increased North-South differentiation, and a notable "diamond" structure. Secondly, primary urban agglomerations have presented distinct patterns in innovation,where southern cities show a balanced trend in their innovation,with narrowing in the gap and more frequent innovation cooperation. In contrast,northern cities exhibit a highly concentrated pattern not only represented by an increased difference in inner-agglomeration, but a decreased in innovation cooperation both in inner-agglomeration and inter-agglomeration. Thirdly, characteristics of the economic cluster and cross-regional collaboration are seen in playing a role in China’s innovation pattern, where a few areas as the innovation pole have concentrated massive innovation activities and become more crucial in the regional innovation cooperation network. We further put forward some recommendations for regional innovation development on suppressing the difference in innovation between the North of China and the South,establishing a more effective collaborative innovation mechanism for urban agglomerations, enhancing the status of Chengdu and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration in the construction of national regional innovation system,and the distribution of Comprehensive National Science Centre,and building digital regional collaborative innovation platform.