欠发达地区快速增长城市现代服务业空间布局及影响因素——基于POI和问卷数据的郑州市案例分析

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Modern Service Industry in Fast-growing City of Underdeveloped Areas:A Case Study of Zhengzhou Based on POI and Questionnaire Data

现代服务业发展水平是体现城市综合竞争力和现代化程度的重要指标。以欠发达地区快速增长城市郑州为例,基于POI数据,采用DBSCAN和核密度分析方法,分析郑州市现代服务业空间聚集特征;结合问卷数据,探讨郑州市现代服务业空间布局的影响因素。研究发现:现代服务业总体及分行业,呈现典型的"中心—外围"嵌套布局特征。郑州已初步形成多个现代服务业聚集区,在一定程度上与发达地区一线城市类似,但是各聚集区集中于母城。现代服务业总体及各分行业空间聚集水平区域差距明显,主要体现为市辖区差异和"母城—新城"差异。形成上述特征的原因在于:现代服务业总体及分行业布局时,市场需求、交通条件、地价租金3项传统因素导向突出,母城这3项传统因素具有比较优势。与发达一线城市相比,欠发达地区快速增长城市的现代服务业空间布局表现出传统要素导向,新要素的重要性尚未体现。

The development level of modern service industry is an important indicator to reflect the comprehensive competitiveness and modernization degree of a city. Taking Zhengzhou,a fast-growing city in underdeveloped areas,as an example and based on POI data,this paper analyzed the spatial aggregation characteristics of modern service industry in Zhengzhou by the methods of DBSCAN and kernel density analysis,and discussed the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of modern service industry combining the survey data. The overall and sub-industry of modern service industry showed the typical "center-periphery" nested layout characteristics. Zhengzhou has initially formed a number of modern service industry cluster areas,which is similar to the first-tier cities of developed areas to a certain extent,while the aggregation areas are concentrated in the mother city. The spatial agglomeration level of modern service industry and each sub industry has obvious regional disparity,which mainly reflected the differences of municipal districts and "mother city-new city". The influencing factors are market demand, traffic conditions and land rent, which obviously guide the overall and sub-industry layout of modern service industry. The mother city has comparative advantages in these three traditional factors. Comparing with the developed first-tier cities,the spatial distribution of modern service industry in fastgrowing cities of underdeveloped areas shows that the orientation of traditional elements and the importance of new elements haven’t been exhibited.