新成立风湿免疫科5年住院患者疾病谱和临床特征分析

A five-year analysis of disease spectrum and clinical features of rheumatic inpatients in a new general hospital

目的通过对新成立的三级医院风湿科住院患者病种和临床特征分析,了解我国当前风湿免疫科住院患者的疾病谱分布和患者的一般特征。方法收集北京大学国际医院2015年1月—2019年12月风湿免疫科住院患者的性别、年龄、诊断、住院时长等临床资料,进行统计描述和分析。结果床位共22张,累计出院2229人次,非重复住院患者共计1236例。年龄(51.14±16.74)岁,其中≤65岁患者947例(76.62%),女∶男=1.81∶1。主要病种构成:类风湿关节炎占25.29%,干燥综合征占11.30%,系统性红斑狼疮占8.59%,痛风占8.43%,骨关节炎占7.65%,脊柱关节炎占5.70%,其他如炎性肌病、系统性硬化症等病种占比均<3%。年住院人次持续增长(56、282、542、595、752),但重复住院患者占比随之增加,于建科第3年新收治住院患者数增速减缓并呈现相对下滑。住院时长以炎性肌病最长[(19.79±11.86)d],系统性硬化症次之[(16.54±8.48)d]。因病情需要重复住院的患者比例类风湿关节炎为8.64%,炎性肌病和系统性硬化症分别为32.14%和34.60%,均显著高于前者(均P<0.001)。结论风湿免疫科住院患者年龄多<65岁,女性居多,关节炎性疾病仍是主要住院病种,住院天数偏长和因病情需要重复住院的是炎性肌病和系统性硬化症。

Objective To understand the disease spectrum distribution and general characteristics of inpatients in the Department of Rheumatology and immunology in China.Methods The clinical data of inpatients in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Peking University International Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019,including gender,age,diagnosis and length of stay,were collected for statistical description and analysis.Results There were 22 beds,229 patients discharged in total,and 1236 non-repeat inpatients.The mean age was(51.14±16.74)years.Of all the patients,947 patients were no more than 65 years(76.62%).The ratio of female to male was 1.81∶1.The most frequent rheumatic diseases inpatient was following,RA 25.29%,SS 11.30%,SLE 8.59%,Gout 8.43%,OA 7.65%,SpA 5.70%,and each of the other rheumatic diseases was less than 3%.The number of discharged patients increased year by year,with 56,282,542,595 and 752 cases in each year,respectively.However,the number of repetitive inpatients increased.Different rheumatic diseases showed different hospital days,and patients with IIM need the longest hospital days[(19.79±11.86)d],and the average length of hospital stay of SSc was(16.54±8.48)days.The proportion of RA patients who were admitted to hospital repeatedly was 8.64%,but this proportion of IIM patients and SSc patients was 32.14%and 34.60%,respectively(all P<0.001).Conclusion Most of the rheumatic inpatients were female and less than 65 years.Arthritis disease was still the main type of hospitalization in rheumatic disease.Patients with IIM or SSc need longer hospital stay and show a higher proportion of repeated hospitalization than patients with other rheumatic diseases.