不同施肥处理对青萝卜产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Yield and Quality of Green Radish

以"绿翡翠"青萝卜为试材,采用田间试验方法,研究了不同施肥处理对青萝卜肉质根长度和粗度、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、产量、品质及经济效益指标的影响,以期筛选出冀西北坝上地区青萝卜生产中适宜的施肥量。结果表明:各施肥处理均能促进青萝卜根的生长,但以处理3、处理4的效果更明显;收获时,处理3、处理4的根鲜质量明显高于CK,二者的根干质量较CK分别增加了25.67%、24.75%,叶绿素含量和净光合速率较CK分别提高了12.64%、11.68%和16.23%、12.59%,二者之间没有显著差异。处理4的生物产量、经济产量和经济效益较CK分别提高了15.00%、15.74%和20.31%;以处理4的维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量最高,较CK分别提高了16.20%,27.27%和6.98%,处理4肉质根中亚硝酸盐含量则较CK降低了22.26%;处理3的经济产量、经济效益略高于处理4,二者差异也不明显。综上,在冀西北坝上地区青萝卜生产中,处理4能够达到促进青萝卜生长、增强光合作用、提高青萝卜产量和经济效益、改善青萝卜品质的目的,因此,处理4是适合冀西北坝上地区青萝卜的施肥方案。

Taking the green radish variety ‘Green Jade’ as experimental material, field test method was used.The indicators such as length and diameter of fleshy roots, photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality, and economic benefit of green radish at different periods were studied, in order to determine the optimum fertilization rate for green radish production in the northwest region of Hebei Province.The results showed that all fertilization treatments could promote the growth of green radish root, but it worked better with T3 and T4.At harvest time, the fresh weight of roots in T3 and T4 was significantly higher than that in CK,their dry weights of root increased by 25.67% and 24.75%,compared with CK,respectively.The chlorophyll content of T3 and T4 increased by 12.64% and 11.68%,the net photosynthetic rate of T3 and T4 increased by 16.23% and 12.59%,compared with CK,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two treatments.The biological yield, the economic yield and economic benefit of T4 increased by 15.00%,15.74% and 20.31%,respectively, compared with CK.The contents of vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein in T4 increased by 16.20%,27.27% and 6.98%,compared with CK,respectively, its content of nitrite was 22.26% lower than that of CK.The economic yield and economic benefit of T3 was slightly higher than that of T4,there were no significant difference between them.In conclusion, in the production of green radish in the northwest region of Hebei Province, the T4 could achieve the goal to promote green radish growth, enhance photosynthesis, increase the yield and economic benefit, improve green radish quality.Therefore, T4 was a suitable fertilization scheme for green radish grown in the northwest region of Hebei Province.