五种野生杜鹃种子萌发特性

Seed Germination Characteristics of Five Kinds of Wild Rhododendron

以喇叭杜鹃(Rhododendron discolor)、山光杜鹃(Rhododendron oreodoxa)、海绵杜鹃(Rhododendron pingianum)、大钟杜鹃(Rhododendron ririei)和绒毛杜鹃(Rhododendron pachytrichum)为研究对象,采用标准发芽法及发芽率测定等方法,研究了不同储藏条件、培养温度及赤霉素浓度对其种子萌发的影响,以期为开发利用野生杜鹃资源、提高杜鹃繁育技术、培育抗逆新品种、扩大园林应用范围提供参考依据。结果表明:5种杜鹃种子均存在后熟期,喇叭杜鹃、海绵杜鹃、绒毛杜鹃储藏6个月为宜,山光杜鹃、大钟杜鹃储藏3个月为宜;-20℃与4℃储藏有利于减慢种子活力下降速度;5种杜鹃种子萌发适宜的培养温度为15~20℃;200~600 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素溶液浸泡杜鹃种子有利于提升发芽率。

Rhododendron discolor,Rhododendron oreodoxa,Rhododendron pingianum,Rhododendron ririei and Rhododendron pachytrichum were used as the research object,and the effects of different storage conditions,culture temperatures and gibberellin concentrations on seed germination were studied by using standard germination method and germination rate measurement method,in order to provide reference for the development and utilization of wild azalea resources,improve the breeding technology of azalea,cultivate new varieties of azalea and expand the application range of garden.The results showed that the seeds of five azaleas had post mature stage.The best storage time for Rhododendron discolor,Rhododendron pingianum and Rhododendron pachytrichum was six months,while the storage of Rhododendron oreodoxa and Rhododendron ririei was suitable for three months;storage at-20℃ and 4℃ was helpful to slow the decrease of the vigour of seeds;the suitable temperature for germination of five azalea seeds was 15-20 ℃;soaking azalea seeds in 200-600 mg·L^(-1) gibberellin was beneficial to improve germination rate.