植物磷匮乏下的根系、代谢和分子响应研究进展

Insights into the Roots, Metabolic Adaptations and Molecular Responses to Phosphorus Deprived Plants

磷是植物正常生长发育所必需的大量元素之一。由于多数土壤条件下可获得的有效磷不足,因此土壤中的磷会影响作物产量潜力的表现。了解植物对低磷胁迫或磷匮乏的响应机制是至关重要的,相关研究已经取得一系列的进展。本文回顾了植物磷匮乏条件下根系统的响应,因为外部土壤中磷的供应状态会影响根构型,评述了植物激素和磷酸酶对磷匮乏的响应,并聚焦植物适应磷匮乏的分子机制,重点总结了植物体内磷转运蛋白基因、含SPX结构蛋白基因、转录因子基因以及microRNA在植物磷匮乏中的响应。本研究可为通过培育磷高效利用作物品种来提高磷吸收和利用提供最新的发现和途径。

Phosphorus(P)is an essential macronutrient required for plant growth and development.Therefore,soil P affects the performance of crop yield potential due to the limitation of available P in many soil conditions.It is crucial to understand the mechanisms involved in plant adaptation in response to low P stress or P deficiency,and a series of research advances have been made in understanding of plant adopted to P deficit.In this review,we began with the reviews of plant root system's response because of P status imposes root system architecture and secre⁃tions,following by the changes of phytohormones and phosphatase when suffering from P deficiency.We focus on the summarization of molecular responses to P deficiency,and reviewed the responding of phosphorus transporter genes,protein genes containing SPX structure,transcription factors and microRNAs to P deficiency.The purpose of this investigation is to provide the recent findings and important avenues for increasement of P acquisition and utili⁃zation by breeding crop varieties with a high P use efficiency.