实习期间教师行为对临床医学专业学生职业认同感的影响

The impact of mentors'behavior on the professional identity of clinical medical students during the internship

目的探讨实习期间教师行为对临床医学专业学生职业认同感的影响。方法基于2020年中国医学生培养与发展调查数据,选取我国104所高等院校的25557名临床医学专业本科毕业生为研究对象,采用描述性分析、Wilcoxon秩和检验和多元线性回归等方法分析实习期间教师行为对临床医学专业学生职业认同感的影响。结果超过70%的临床医学专业学生认为在实习期间接触的临床教师具有正向的医疗行为和教学行为;在控制学生人口学特征、家庭特征和院校固定效应的条件下,认为教师热爱医疗工作、具有医疗责任感、教学时注重示范和教学时言行规范的临床医学专业学生职业认同感得分分别比否认的学生平均高3.027、0.445、0.840和1.234分(P值均小于0.001)。结论临床医学专业学生对实习期间教师行为情况的评价总体较好。教师的正向医疗行为和正向教学行为对临床医学专业学生职业认同感有积极的影响,其中医疗行为中的热爱医疗工作对临床医学专业学生职业认同感的影响相对较大。医学院校应建立完善的临床实习带教制度,规范和引导教师行为,提高临床医学专业学生职业认同感。

Objective To explore the impact of mentors'behaviors on the professional identity of medical students during the internship.Methods Based on the data of the China Medical Students Survey in 2020,a research was conducted on 25557 medical graduates from 104 universities in China.The Wilcoxon rank-sum test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the impact of mentors'behaviors on the professional identity of medical students during the internship.Results More than 70%of medical students believed that the clinical mentors they met during their internship had positive medical and teaching behaviors.If students believed that clinical mentors were enthusiastic,responsible for their work,highlighted role modeling and paid attention to their behaviors in teaching,the scores of professional identity would be 3.027,0.445,0.840 and 1.234 points greater than if they did not respectively(all P<0.001).Conclusion The students have generally good evaluation on mentors'behavior during the internship.The positive medical and teaching behaviors of mentors have a positive impact on the professional identity of medical students and the impact of enthusiasm is the greatest.Medical institutions should provide complete institutional support and standardize the behavior of clinical teachers in order to enhance the professional identity of medical students.