基于元素流分析的长江经济带总磷污染减量化研究——以湖北为例

Research on the Reduction of Total Phosphorus Pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Zone Based on Substance Flow Analysis——Take Hubei as an Example

本文运用元素流分析方法,解析了长江经济带社会经济系统磷代谢的主要过程,构建了磷代谢分析框架及磷流核算模型,并以湖北为例,审视了其磷代谢过程及规律,定量识别了水体磷负荷的主要来源,力图提出减少长江经济带总磷污染的相关建议与对策。结果表明:(1)湖北长江经济带磷代谢系统整体结构不协调,呈现典型的单向型;(2)随着矿物磷—植物磷—动物磷的转换,重要工业化生产性子系统(磷化工、农业种植、规模养殖)磷的物质生产率逐渐退化,污染排放率、废物累积率、养分循环率则次第升高,城镇居民对总磷污染的贡献度要远超农村居民;(3)规模养殖、农业种植、磷化工、城镇居民生活是湖北长江经济带水体总磷污染的主要来源。

This article used substance flow analysis method to analyze the main process of phosphorus metabolism in the social and economic system of the Yangtze River Economic Zone.A phosphorus metabolism analysis framework and phosphorus flow accounting model were constructed.Taking the Hubei Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example,the process and law of phosphorus metabolism were examined,and the main source of total phosphorus pollution in water was quantitatively identified.Then relevant suggestions and countermeasures were put forward to reduce total phosphorus pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Zone.The results showed that the overall structure of the phosphorus metabolism system in Hubei Yangtze River Economic Belt is inconsistent,showing a typical unidirectional type.Along with the conversion of mineral phosphorus,plant phosphorus to animal phosphorus,phosphorus production efficiency of important industrial production subsystems,which includes phosphorus chemical industry,agricultural planting,and large-scale breeding,is gradually decreasing.And their pollution discharge rate,waste accumulation rate,and nutrient recycling rate are rising.The contribution of urban residents to total phosphorus pollution far exceeds that of rural residents.Large-scale breeding,agricultural planting,phosphorus chemical industry,and urban life are the main sources of total phosphorus pollution in Hubei Yangtze River Economic Belt.