从国际政治到世界政治:超越国家主义研究视角

From International Politics to World Politics:Beyond the Research Perspective of Nationalism

国家主义范式如同主权国家一样,就其本质而言只是世界政治文化漫长的演变过程中转瞬即逝的花朵。国际政治理论贫弱却对国家主义研究范式情有独钟并寄予厚望的原因在于人们总是尽可能使理论适应于现实。这就无形中降低了理论本身的抽象层次。长期对国家主义研究范式的痴迷与可能由此导致的路径依赖,客观上造成了当今国际政治宏大理论自20世纪80年代亚历山大·温特之后就再无重要突破的学科困境。能否在对国家主义研究范式合理批判的基础上开拓世界政治理论创新与突破的空间,并站在人类政治文明演进的高度来观察世界政治的总体进程与潜在面貌,这对长期无宏大理论突破的国际政治理论界有着非常深远而重大的意义,同时也可能为中国学派的生成提供可靠而坚实的土壤。

The paradigm of nationalism, like sovereign state, is in essence just a fleeting flower in the long soil of world politics and culture. International political theories are poor, but they strongly favor the nationalist research paradigms, because people always try their best to adapt theories to reality. This virtually reduces the abstraction level of the theory itself. The long-term obsession with the research paradigm of nationalism and the path dependence that may result from it have objectively caused the disciplinary dilemma that there has been no major breakthrough in the grand theory of international politics since Alexander Winter in the 1980s. Can we tear open the space for innovation and breakthroughs in the theory of world politics on the basis of a reasonable critique of the research paradigm of nationalism, and observe the overall process and potential appearance of world politics from the height of the evolution of human political civilization? This is of far-reaching and significant importance to the international political theory community that has not had a grand theoretical breakthrough for a long time. At the same time, it may also provide a reliable and solid soil for the formation of the Chinese school.