大工业用户侧电池储能系统的经济性

Economy of Battery Energy Storage System for Large Industrial User-side

用户侧储能系统成本高,仅通过峰谷套利难以实现经济性。本文选取采用两部制计价的大工业用户,建立适用于大工业用户侧电池储能系统的成本与收益模型,用于全面计算此系统的各类成本与收益;其次采用改进的LCOE模型与IRR模型,来比较案例区域下四种电池储能系统的经济性。结果表明,大工业用户侧电池储能的经济性由高到低依次为:铅碳电池>磷酸铁锂电池>钠硫电池>全钒液流电池。在峰谷价差较高的地区,铅碳电池、钠硫电池和磷酸铁锂电池均可达到良好的经济性;在峰谷价差较低的地区,仅有铅碳电池和磷酸铁锂电池具有经济性。在峰谷价差未来不明确的情况下,降低储能成本和寻求新的盈利模式是未来用户侧储能规模化应用的唯一方法。

The user-side energy storage system has a high cost,and it is difficult to achieve economic efficiency only by peak-valley arbitrage.This paper selects large industrial users who adopt two-part power pricing system to establish a cost and revenue model suitable for large industrial user-side battery energy storage system,which is used to comprehensively calculate the various costs and revenues of the system.Secondly,the improved levelized cost of electricity(LCOE)model and the internal rate of return(IRR)are used to compare the economy of the four battery energy storage systems in the case area.The results show that the economic efficiency of the battery energy storage system on the large industrial user-side is leadcarbon batteries,lithium iron phosphate batteries,sodium-sulfur batteries,and vanadium redox flow batteries in descending order.In areas with high peak-valley spread,lead-carbon battery,sodium-sulfur battery and lithium iron phosphate battery are all economical,while in areas with low peak-valley spread,only leadcarbon battery and lithium iron phosphate battery have economy.When the peak-valley spread is not clear in the future,reducing the cost of energy storage and seeking new forms of profit are the only methods for large-scale application of energy storage on the user-side in the future.