基于空间生产的少数民族仪式空间结构与机制研究--以景颇族目瑙纵歌为例

Research on the Spacial Structure and Mechanism of Ethnic Group Rituals Based on Space Production——A Case of Jingpo’s Munaozongge

仪式是族群传统世界观、价值观的重要表征形式,也是揭示族群社会生产方式和生产关系历时流变的关键载体。本文以景颇族的目瑙纵歌仪式为例,基于列斐伏尔的空间生产理论,梳理了仪式空间基本架构,解读了仪式空间所涵括的仪式空间、空间仪式和仪式演进空间等层级属性。以“机制解构—路径探析”为指导,重点解构了以“人”为核心的“权力与场域”在仪式空间中的生产逻辑,并提出构筑“祭仪主体—欢腾群体—观摩大众—谋利商人—政府机构”主体空间边界、重构仪式“记忆—认知”空间、明晰“祭祀—社交”两大功能空间、优化目瑙仪式空间项目等优化路径。文章旨在探究少数民族仪式空间结构及其生产机制,拓延仪式研究的理论维度,为多元少数民族仪式空间剖析提供参考,也为仪式相关利益主体开展规划管理和实现协同发展提供有益借鉴。

Rituals are the significant representation forms of traditional world outlook and values of ethnic groups,as well as a key carrier to reveal the diachronic evolution of production modes and production relations in ethnic societies.This article takes Munaozongge of Jingpo as an example,trying to construct the basic ritual framework just based on Lefebvre’s space production,and analyze three compositions composed by ritual space,spacial ritual and evolutional space.This paper aims to construct researching path concluding"mechanism deconstruction-optimal path".It mainly deconstructs the production logic of"power and field"with"human"as the core in the ritual space,and proposes that construct the subject space boundaries among"the subject in charge of sacrifice-exultant group-spectators-merchants-government apparatus",reconstructs and recognizes ritual memory and cognitional space,clarifies two functional space between sacrifice and sociality.Finally,optimizates ritual spacial projects of Munaozongge.The purpose of this study is to explore the spatial structure and production mechanism of ethnic minority rituals,extend the theoretical dimension of ritual research,and provide reference for the study of multi-ethnic minority ritual space,as well as useful reference for the planning,management and collaborative development of relevant stakeholders of ethnic minority rituals.